Shloka 51

तैश्नोक्तो यज्ञियान्‌ देशान्‌ धर्मारण्यं तथैव च । जुगुप्समानो धावन्‌ स तं यज्ञं समुपासदत्‌,उन्होंने ही उस नेवलेको यज्ञसम्बन्धी स्थान और धर्मारण्यका पता बताया था। वह धर्मराजकी निन्दाके उद्देश्यसे दौड़ता हुआ उस यज्ञमें जा पहुँचा था

taiś cokto yajñiyān deśān dharmāraṇyaṃ tathaiva ca | jugupsamāno dhāvan sa taṃ yajñaṃ samupāsadat ||

انہی سے اسے قربانی کے مقامات اور اسی طرح دھرم آरणیہ کا پتا ملا۔ دھرم راجہ کے یَجْن کی مذمت کرنے کے ارادے سے نفرت میں بھرا ہوا وہ نیولا دوڑتا ہوا اس یَجْن میں جا پہنچا۔

तैःby them
तैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, instrumental, plural
उक्तःhaving been told
उक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवच्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
यज्ञियान्sacrificial, pertaining to the sacrifice
यज्ञियान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootयज्ञिय
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
देशान्places, regions
देशान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेश
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
धर्मारण्यंthe Dharma-forest (forest of righteousness)
धर्मारण्यं:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मारण्य
Formneuter, accusative, singular
तथाthus, likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जुगुप्समानःdespising, censuring
जुगुप्समानः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootगुप्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
धावन्running
धावन्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधाव्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
तम्that
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
यज्ञंsacrifice
यज्ञं:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
समुपासदत्approached, came near
समुपासदत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-आ-सद्
Formimperfect (laṅ), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśaṃpāyana
M
mongoose (nakula)
D
Dharmāraṇya
Y
yajña (sacrifice)
D
Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira, implied by context)

Educational Q&A

The verse sets up an ethical critique: mere grandeur of ritual does not guarantee moral superiority; intention and true righteousness can be questioned, and even a celebrated sacrifice may be subjected to scrutiny.

A mongoose, having learned the locations connected with the sacrifice and the place called Dharmāraṇya, runs to Yudhiṣṭhira’s sacrificial arena with a disparaging purpose, intending to denounce or undermine the rite.