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Shloka 19

अर्जुन–उलूपीसंवादः

Arjuna and Ulūpī: Explanation of Śānti and the Maṇipūra Resolution

स राजा व्यथितो व्यश्वो विधनुर्हतसारथि: । गदामादाय कौन्तेयमभिदुद्राव वेगवान्‌,घोड़े, धनुष और सारथिके नष्ट हो जानेपर मेघसन्धिको बड़ा दुःख हुआ। वह गदा हाथमें लेकर कुन्तीनन्दन अर्जुनकी ओर बड़े वेगसे दौड़ा

sa rājā vyathito vyaśvo vidhanuḥ hatasārathiḥ | gadām ādāya kaunteyam abhidudrāva vegavān ||

گھوڑے، کمان اور سارتھی کے مارے جانے پر بادشاہ میگھ سندھی سخت مضطرب ہو اٹھا۔ اس نے گدا ہاتھ میں لی اور بڑی تیزی سے کُنتی نندن ارجن کی طرف لپکا۔

सःhe (that one)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्यथितःdistressed, pained
व्यथितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यथित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्यश्वःone whose horses are gone (horseless)
व्यश्वः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यश्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विधनुःone whose bow is gone (bowless)
विधनुः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविधनुस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हतसारथिःone whose charioteer is slain
हतसारथिः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहत-सारथि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गदाम्mace
गदाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगदा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
आदायhaving taken
आदाय:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-दा
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
कौन्तेयम्Kunteya (Arjuna)
कौन्तेयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकौन्तेय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अभिदुद्रावran towards, rushed at
अभिदुद्राव:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-द्रु
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
वेगवान्swift, impetuous
वेगवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवेगवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
R
rājā (the king, i.e., Meghasandhi in context)
A
Arjuna (Kaunteya)
G
gadā (mace)
D
dhanuḥ (bow)
S
sārathi (charioteer)
A
aśvāḥ (horses)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a recurring Mahābhārata ethic: when a warrior’s external supports collapse (horses, weapon, charioteer), the inner state becomes decisive. Distress can turn into rash fury, and the moral test shifts to whether one acts with disciplined kṣātra-tejas (controlled valor) or with uncontrolled impulse.

The king, overwhelmed and disadvantaged—horses gone, bow lost, charioteer killed—abandons chariot warfare and switches to close combat. He grabs a mace and charges at Arjuna with great speed, intensifying the duel.