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Shloka 12

Kṛṣṇasya Dvārakā-praveśaḥ — Krishna’s Return to Dvārakā and the Raivataka Festival

उत्तद़्क उवाच प्राहुर्वाकुसंयतं विप्रं धर्मनैपुणदर्शिन: । मित्रेषु यश्चव विषम: स्तेन इत्येव तं विदु:

Uttaṅka uvāca: prāhur vāku-saṁyataṁ vipraṁ dharma-naipuṇa-darśinaḥ | mitreṣu yaś ca vai viṣamaḥ stena ity eva taṁ viduḥ ||

اُتّنک نے کہا—اے راجن! دھرم کی باریکیوں کو پہچاننے والے اہلِ دانش کہتے ہیں کہ جو اپنی زبان کو قابو میں رکھے—سچ بولے—وہی حقیقی برہمن ہے۔ مگر جو دوستوں کے ساتھ ناانصافی اور جانب داری کرے، وہ بے شک چور ہی سمجھا جاتا ہے۔

उत्तङ्कःUttanka
उत्तङ्कः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउत्तङ्क
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
प्राहुःthey say / have said
प्राहुः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + अह्
FormPerfect, Third, Plural
वाक्-संयतम्speech-restrained
वाक्-संयतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवाक् + सं-यत (ppp)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विप्रम्a brahmin / learned man
विप्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
धर्म-नैपुण्य-दर्शिनःthose who see/know skill in dharma (experts in dharma)
धर्म-नैपुण्य-दर्शिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म + नैपुण्य + दर्शिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मित्रेषुamong friends
मित्रेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अविषमःnot partial / not unequal
अविषमः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-विषम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्तेनःthief
स्तेनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्तेन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विदुःthey know / regard
विदुः:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPerfect, Third, Plural

उत्तद़्क उवाच

U
Uttaṅka
V
vipra (brāhmaṇa)
M
mitra (friends)

Educational Q&A

True nobility (here, the mark of a brāhmaṇa) is ethical self-restraint in speech—truthful, disciplined words—while unfair, biased conduct even toward friends is condemned as theft of trust and righteousness.

Uttaṅka delivers a moral definition: he reports what dharma-experts say about who deserves the title ‘vipra’ and warns that partiality in dealing with friends is tantamount to being a ‘stena’ (thief).