Shloka 19

Devanagari script

त्रिधा दानानि दीयन्ते त्रिधा यज्ञ: प्रवर्तते । त्रिधा लोकास्त्रिधा देवास्त्रिधा विद्यास्त्रिधा गति:,गुणोंके भेदसे तीन प्रकारसे दान दिये जाते हैं। तीन प्रकारका यज्ञानुष्ठान होता है। लोक, देव, विद्या और गति भी तीन-तीन प्रकारकी होती है

Transliteration

tridhā dānāni dīyante tridhā yajñaḥ pravartate | tridhā lokās tridhā devās tridhā vidyās tridhā gatiḥ ||

Translation

وایو دیو نے کہا— دان تین طریقوں سے دیے جاتے ہیں اور یَجْن بھی تین ہی طریقوں سے انجام پاتا ہے۔ اسی طرح لوک تین قسم کے ہیں، دیوتا تین قسم کے، وِدیا تین قسم کی اور جیو کی گتی بھی تین قسم کی ہے۔

Word by Word

त्रिधाin three ways

दानानिgifts/charities

दीयन्तेare given

त्रिधाin three ways

यज्ञःsacrifice/ritual

प्रवर्ततेproceeds/is performed

त्रिधाin three ways

लोकाःworlds/realms

त्रिधाin three ways

देवाःgods

त्रिधाin three ways

विद्याःknowledges/branches of learning

त्रिधाin three ways

गतिःcourse/destination

Speaker

वायुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vāyu-deva

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Human religious and ethical life is shaped by a threefold classification (implicitly the three guṇas). Giving (dāna) and sacrifice (yajña) are not morally uniform; their quality varies, and that variation corresponds to different kinds of knowledge and different spiritual outcomes (gati).

What is happening in the narrative?

Vāyu-deva is instructing the listener by laying down a doctrinal framework: many key domains—charity, sacrifice, cosmological realms, divine orders, branches of knowledge, and final attainments—are described as threefold, preparing for or summarizing a guṇa-based ethical evaluation of actions.