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Shloka 1

Sāttvika-vṛtta-kathana (Brahmā on the Conduct of Sattva) — Chapter 38

अफ-्#-रात अष्टात्रिशो5 ध्याय: सत्त्वगुणके कार्यका वर्णन और उसके जाननेका फल ब्रह्मोवाच अतः: पर प्रवक्ष्यामि तृतीयं गुणमुत्तमम्‌ । सर्वभूतहितं लोके सतां धर्ममनिन्दितम्‌

brahmovāca | ataḥ paraṃ pravakṣyāmi tṛtīyaṃ guṇam uttamam | sarvabhūtahitaṃ loke satāṃ dharmam aninditam ||

برہما نے کہا—اے مہارشیو! اب میں تیسرے اور اعلیٰ ترین گُن، یعنی ستوگُن، کا بیان کروں گا۔ یہ دنیا میں تمام جانداروں کے لیے سراسر بھلائی ہے، نیکوں کے نزدیک پسندیدہ ہے، اور اپنے آچرن میں بے عیب دھرم ہے۔

अतःtherefore/now then
अतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतः
परम्the next/further (topic)
परम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रवक्ष्यामिI shall declare
प्रवक्ष्यामि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormSimple Future (Luṭ), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
तृतीयम्the third
तृतीयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootतृतीय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गुणम्quality/guṇa
गुणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उत्तमम्excellent/supreme
उत्तमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सर्वभूतहितम्beneficial to all beings
सर्वभूतहितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व-भूत-हित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
लोकेin the world
लोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सताम्of the good/virtuous
सताम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
धर्मम्dharma/duty
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अनिन्दितम्blameless/unreproached
अनिन्दितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअनिन्दित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

B
Brahmā

Educational Q&A

The verse introduces sattva-guṇa as the highest mode, defined ethically as a blameless dharma that promotes the welfare of all beings and is endorsed by the virtuous.

Brahmā begins a new section of instruction, announcing that he will now describe the third guṇa—sattva—and its character as universally beneficial and morally irreproachable.