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Shloka 37

Brahma-vidyā: Satya–Tapas and the Enumeration of Tattvas

Arjuna–Vāsudeva framed dialogue

चातुर्विद्यं तथा वर्णाश्चातुराश्रमिकान्‌ पृथक्‌ । धर्ममेकं चतुष्पादं नित्यमाहुर्मनीषिण:,वैसे ही प्रत्येक वर्ण और आश्रमके लिये पृथक्‌-पृथक्‌ चार विद्याओंका वर्णन करूँगा। मनीषी विद्वान्‌ चार चरणोंवाले एक धर्मको नित्य बतलाते हैं

cāturvidyaṃ tathā varṇāś cāturāśramikān pṛthak | dharmam ekaṃ catuṣpādaṃ nityam āhur manīṣiṇaḥ ||

اسی طرح میں ہر ورن اور چاروں آشرموں کے لیے جدا جدا چار علوم کا بیان کروں گا۔ اہلِ دانش ہمیشہ کہتے ہیں کہ دھرم ایک ہے اور وہ چار سہاروں پر قائم ہے۔

चातुर्विद्यम्the fourfold knowledge/learning
चातुर्विद्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचातुर्विद्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तथाand/also; likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
वर्णान्the social classes (varṇas)
वर्णान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
चातुराश्रमिकान्pertaining to the four āśramas (stages of life)
चातुराश्रमिकान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootचातुराश्रमिक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पृथक्separately
पृथक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृथक्
धर्मम्dharma; righteous law/duty
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एकम्one
एकम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
चतुष्पादम्four-footed; having four parts
चतुष्पादम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुष्पाद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
नित्यम्always; eternally
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
आहुःthey say/declare
आहुः:
TypeVerb
Rootअह्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Plural
मनीषिणःthe wise (sages)
मनीषिणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनीषिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyu (Vāyudeva)
V
varṇa
Ā
āśrama
D
Dharma

Educational Q&A

Dharma is fundamentally one, yet it is understood and practiced through four supports; accordingly, instruction (cāturvidya) and duties are to be explained distinctly for each varṇa and each āśrama so that conduct aligns with one overarching moral order.

Vāyudeva continues a didactic discourse, announcing that he will set out the fourfold learning and the differentiated norms for the social orders and life-stages, while grounding these distinctions in the unity of Dharma described by sages as ‘four-footed’.