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Shloka 231

अन्तर्वन-विद्यारण्योपमा

The Allegory of the Inner Forest of Knowledge

नदीनां सड़मश्नैव वैताने समुपद्लरे । स्वात्मतृप्ता यतो यान्ति साक्षादेव पितामहम्‌

nadīnāṁ saḍam aśnaiva vaitāne samupadlāre | svātma-tṛptā yato yānti sākṣād eva pitāmaham ||

برہمن نے کہا—وَیتان یَجْن کی رسم میں وہ سَڑا آہُتی کا بھوگ کرتے ہیں؛ اور اپنے ہی آتما میں سیر ہو کر وہاں سے براہِ راست پِتامہ (برہما) تک پہنچ جاتے ہیں۔

नदीनाम्of rivers
नदीनाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनदी
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
सदाम्always
सदाम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
अश्नैवattains (indeed)
अश्नैव:
TypeVerb
Rootअश्नु
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वैतानेin the sacrificial rite (Vedic/ritual context)
वैताने:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootवैतान
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
समुपद्लरेappears/comes forth (reading uncertain)
समुपद्लरे:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-उप-√दृश् (समुपदर्शयति/समुपदृश्यते) / पाठभेद-संशय
FormUnclear (corrupt/variant reading), Unclear, Unclear, Unclear
स्वात्मतृप्ताःsatisfied in their own selves
स्वात्मतृप्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व-आत्म-तृप्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यतःfrom where/whence; because
यतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयतस्
यान्तिthey go
यान्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootया
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
साक्षात्directly; in person
साक्षात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसाक्षात्
एवindeed; just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
पितामहम्the Grandfather (Brahmā)
पितामहम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

ब्राह्मण उवाच

ब्राह्मण (speaker)
पितामह (Brahmā)
वैतान (Vedic sacrificial rite)
सडा (saḍa offering)

Educational Q&A

The verse links correct Vedic sacrificial practice with an inner state of self-satisfaction (svātma-tṛpti), presenting the highest fruit as direct attainment of Pitāmaha (Brahmā). It implies that ritual efficacy is not merely external performance but is fulfilled when accompanied by inner completeness.

A Brāhmaṇa speaker describes the outcome of participants in a vaitāna (Vedic sacrificial) rite: after partaking of the saḍa offering, they depart from that rite and are said to reach Pitāmaha (Brahmā) directly, emphasizing the rite’s promised spiritual destination.