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Shloka 2

Pañcahotṛ-Vidhāna and the Dispute of the Five Vāyus (पञ्चहोतृविधानम् — पञ्चवायूनां श्रेष्ठत्वविवादः)

प्राणापानावुदानश्च॒ समानो व्यान एव च | पज्चहोतुस्तथैतान्‌ वै परं भावं विदुर्बुधा:

prāṇāpānāv udānaś ca samāno vyāna eva ca | pañcahotṛs tathaitān vai paraṁ bhāvaṁ vidur budhāḥ ||

برہمن نے کہا: “پرَان، اپان، اُدان، سمان اور ویان—یہ پانچ حیاتی ہوائیں ہی داناؤں کے نزدیک ‘پنج ہوتَر’ کہلاتی ہیں۔ ان کے اعلیٰ ترین معنی کو سمجھ کر آدمی باطنی یَجْن کو پہچانتا ہے؛ منضبط سانسیں خود پر قابو اور روحانی عروج کے آلات بن جاتی ہیں۔”

प्राणin-breath / vital air (prāṇa)
प्राण:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपानौthe two: prāṇa and apāna (as a pair)
अपानौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअपान
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
उदानःudāna (upward vital air)
उदानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउदान
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
समानःsamāna (equalizing vital air)
समानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसमान
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्यानःvyāna (pervading vital air)
व्यानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्यान
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पञ्चfive
पञ्च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपञ्च
होतुःof the Hotṛ (priest)
होतुः:
TypeNoun
Rootहोतृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तथाthus / likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एतान्these (ones)
एतान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वैindeed (emphatic particle)
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
परम्supreme / highest
परम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
भावम्state / nature / condition
भावम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभाव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विदुःknow
विदुः:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
बुधाःthe wise (people)
बुधाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

ब्राह्मण उवाच

ब्राह्मण (speaker)
प्राण
अपान
उदान
समान
व्यान
पञ्चहोतृ (metaphorical ‘five priests’)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that the five principal vital airs (prāṇa, apāna, udāna, samāna, vyāna) can be understood as the ‘five hotṛ-priests’ of an inner sacrifice. The wise discern their highest meaning: spiritual practice is not only external ritual but also the disciplined harmonizing of life-forces toward a supreme state.

A brāhmaṇa speaker explains a doctrinal point using Vedic ritual language. He identifies the five vital breaths as ritual officiants, shifting attention from outer ceremony to an inward, ethical-spiritual interpretation where mastery of the prāṇas constitutes the true sacrificial act.