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Shloka 22

धृतराष्ट्रस्य पाण्डवेषु प्रीति-वृत्तान्तः | Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Affectionate Disposition toward the Pāṇḍavas

न दत्तवान्‌ श्रियं दीप्तां पितृपैतामहीमिमाम्‌ । महात्मा पाण्डव गुणवान्‌ हैं तथापि उनके बाप-दादोंकी यह उज्ज्वल सम्पत्ति भी मैंने उन्हें नहीं दी ।। विनाशं पश्यमानो हि सर्वराज्ञां गदाग्रज:

na dattavān śriyaṃ dīptāṃ pitṛpaitāmahīm imām | mahātmā pāṇḍavo guṇavān haṃ tathāpi teṣāṃ pitṛpaitāmahīṃ dīptāṃ sampadam api nādām || vināśaṃ paśyamāno hi sarvarājñāṃ gadāgrajaḥ ||

دھرتراشٹر نے کہا—میں نے اس نیک سیرت اور عظیم النفس پاندوَ کو وہ روشن و تاباں خوشحالی نہ دی جو اس کے باپ دادا کی موروثی میراث تھی۔ سب بادشاہوں کی تباہی اپنی آنکھوں سے دیکھتے ہوئے بھی میں نے اسے روکے رکھا؛ اور گدाधر (کرشن) کے بڑے بھائی بلرام بھی یہ سب دیکھ رہے تھے۔

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दत्तवान्having given / gave
दत्तवान्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदा (ददाति)
Formक्तवतुँ (past active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
श्रियम्prosperity, fortune, wealth
श्रियम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्री
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
दीप्ताम्bright, splendid
दीप्ताम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदीप्त (from √दीप्)
Formक्त (past passive participle used adjectivally), Feminine, Accusative, Singular
पितृपैतामहीम्ancestral (of father and grandfather)
पितृपैतामहीम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपितृ-पैतामह (pratipadika)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इमाम्this
इमाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
महात्माthe great-souled one
महात्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पाण्डवःthe Pandava (son of Pandu)
पाण्डवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गुणवान्virtuous, possessing good qualities
गुणवान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootगुणवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
indeed
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तथापिeven so, nevertheless
तथापि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा + अपि
विनाशम्destruction, ruin
विनाशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविनाश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पश्यमानःseeing, observing
पश्यमानः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√पश् (पश्यति)
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
हिfor, indeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
सर्वराज्ञाम्of all kings
सर्वराज्ञाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व-राजन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
गदाग्रजःthe elder brother of (the wielder of) the mace (i.e., elder of Bhima); or 'elder brother of Gada' (name), context-dependent
गदाग्रजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगदा-अग्रज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

धृतराष्ट उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
P
Pāṇḍava (Yudhiṣṭhira implied)
P
Pāṇḍu (implied via pāṇḍava)
B
Balarāma (implied by gadāgrajaḥ)
K
Kings (sarvarājñām)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical failure of withholding rightful, hereditary sovereignty from a virtuous heir. It frames Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s omission as a root cause of wider catastrophe: when dharma in succession and justice is denied despite foreseeing harm, the resulting ruin becomes morally attributable to that denial.

In the Āśramavāsika context, Dhṛtarāṣṭra reflects on past decisions after the war’s devastation. He confesses that he did not give the Pāṇḍavas their ancestral share of royal fortune, even while perceiving that such injustice would lead to the destruction of many kings—an admission of culpable blindness and attachment.