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Shloka 10

Śrāddha-dvija-parīkṣā: Paṅkti-dūṣa and Paṅkti-pāvana (श्राद्धे द्विजपरीक्षा—पङ्क्तिदूष-पङ्क्तिपावन)

प्रतिपदा तिथिको पितरोंकी पूजा करनेसे मनुष्य अपने उत्तम गृहमें मनके अनुरूप सुन्दर एवं बहुसंख्यक संतानोंको जन्म देनेवाली दर्शनीय भार्या प्राप्त करता है ।। स्त्रियो द्वितीयां जायन्ते तृतीयायां तु वाजिन: । चतुर्थ्या क्षुद्रपशवो भवन्ति बहवो गृहे,द्वितीयाको श्राद्ध करनेसे कन्‍्याओंका जन्म होता है। तृतीयाके श्राद्धसे घोड़ोंकी प्राप्ति होती है, चतुर्थीको पितरोंका श्राद्ध किया जाय तो घरमें बहुत-से छोटे-छोटे पशुओंकी संख्या बढ़ती है

pratipadā-tithau pitr̥-pūjāṁ kṛtvā manuṣyaḥ svottame gṛhe manānurūpāṁ sundarīṁ bahu-santāna-prasavāṁ darśanīyāṁ bhāryāṁ prāpnoti. striyo dvitīyāyāṁ jāyante, tṛtīyāyāṁ tu vājinaḥ; caturthyāṁ kṣudra-paśavo bhavanti bahavo gṛhe.

بھیشم نے کہا—دْوِتییا تِتھی پر شرادھ کرنے سے بیٹیاں پیدا ہوتی ہیں؛ تْرتییا پر شرادھ سے گھوڑے حاصل ہوتے ہیں؛ اور چَتُرتھی پر پِتروں کا شرادھ کرنے سے گھر میں چھوٹے گھریلو جانور بہت بڑھتے ہیں۔

स्त्रियःwomen
स्त्रियः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
द्वितीयाम्on the second (tithi)
द्वितीयाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्वितीया
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
जायन्तेare born
जायन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootजन् (जायते)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada, Kartari
तृतीयायाम्on the third (tithi)
तृतीयायाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootतृतीया
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
तुbut/and
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
वाजिनःhorses
वाजिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवाजिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
चतुर्थ्याम्on the fourth (tithi)
चतुर्थ्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootचतुर्थी
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
क्षुद्रपशवःsmall animals (minor livestock)
क्षुद्रपशवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षुद्रपशु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भवन्तिcome to be / arise
भवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada, Kartari
बहवःmany
बहवः:
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
गृहेin the house
गृहे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगृह
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
Pitṛs (ancestors)
P
Pratipadā (tithi)
D
Dvitīyā (tithi)
T
Tṛtīyā (tithi)
C
Caturthī (tithi)
H
horses (vājinaḥ)
S
small domestic animals (kṣudra-paśavaḥ)
W
wife (bhāryā)
D
daughters (striyaḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that honoring the ancestors (Pitṛs) through śrāddha/pūjā on specific lunar days is a dharmic act believed to yield distinct household-oriented fruits—marital harmony and progeny, or material supports like horses and livestock—thus linking ritual duty to social and domestic well-being.

In Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma, including rites for the ancestors. Here he enumerates the reputed results of performing Pitṛ-worship on particular tithis (Pratipadā through Caturthī), presenting a calendrical guide to śrāddha observance and its expected outcomes.