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Shloka 28

Phala of Vrata, Niyama, Svādhyāya, Dama, Satya, Brahmacarya, and Service (व्रत-नियम-स्वाध्याय-दम-सत्य-ब्रह्मचर्य-शुश्रूषा-फलप्रश्नः)

सर्वान्‌ दृष्टवा तदहं धर्मराज- मवोचं वै प्रभविष्णुं पुराणम्‌ क्षीरस्यैता: सर्पिषश्नैव नद्य: शश्वत्सत्रोता: कस्य भोज्या: प्रदिष्टा:,“उन सबको देखकर मैंने प्रभावशाली पुरातन देवता धर्मराजसे कहा--'प्रभो! ये जो घी और दूधकी नदियाँ बहती रहती हैं, जिनका स्रोत कभी सूखता नहीं है, किनके उपभोगमें आती हैं--इन्हें किनका भोजन नियत किया गया है?”

sarvān dṛṣṭvā tad ahaṃ dharmarājam avoceṃ vai prabhaviṣṇuṃ purāṇam | kṣīrasya etāḥ sarpiṣaś caiva nadyaḥ śaśvat-srotāḥ kasya bhojyāḥ pradiṣṭāḥ ||

یہ سب دیکھ کر میں نے قدیم و مقتدر دھرم راج سے عرض کیا—“اے آقا! دودھ اور گھی کی یہ ندیاں جو مسلسل بہتی رہتی ہیں، جن کا سرچشمہ کبھی خشک نہیں ہوتا—انہیں بطورِ غذا کس کے لیے مقرر کیا گیا ہے؟”

सर्वान्all (of them)
सर्वान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
तत्that/then
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
FormCommon, Nominative, Singular
धर्मराजम्Dharmarāja (Yama)
धर्मराजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मराज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अवोचम्I said/spoke
अवोचम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormAorist (लुङ्), 1, Singular, Parasmaipada
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
प्रभविष्णुम्mighty/powerful
प्रभविष्णुम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रभविष्णु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पुराणम्ancient
पुराणम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपुराण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
क्षीरस्यof milk
क्षीरस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootक्षीर
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
एताःthese
एताः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
सर्पिषःof ghee
सर्पिषः:
TypeNoun
Rootसर्पिस्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
नद्यःrivers
नद्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनदी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
शश्वत्always/continually
शश्वत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशश्वत्
स्रोताःstreams/sources
स्रोताः:
TypeNoun
Rootस्रोतस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कस्यof whom/whose
कस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
भोज्याःto be enjoyed/consumed
भोज्याः:
TypeAdjective
Rootभोज्य
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural, यत् (gerundive; fit to be enjoyed/consumed)
प्रदिष्टाःassigned/prescribed
प्रदिष्टाः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-दिś्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle), Passive (PPP sense)

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
D
Dharmaraja (Yama, Lord of Dharma)
R
rivers of milk (kṣīra-nadī)
R
rivers of ghee (sarpiṣ-nadī)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a dharmic inquiry into how enjoyment and sustenance in the otherworld are apportioned: unending abundance is not random but ‘assigned’ according to moral law (dharma) and the fruits of actions.

Bhishma, after witnessing a wondrous scene of inexhaustible rivers of milk and ghee, questions Dharmaraja (Yama) about who is entitled to partake of them—prompting an explanation of karmic entitlement and the distribution of rewards.