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Shloka 2

Phala of Vrata, Niyama, Svādhyāya, Dama, Satya, Brahmacarya, and Service (व्रत-नियम-स्वाध्याय-दम-सत्य-ब्रह्मचर्य-शुश्रूषा-फलप्रश्नः)

भीष्म उवाच अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम्‌ । ऋषेरुद्दालकेर्वाक्यं नाचिकेतस्य चो भयो:,भीष्मजीने कहा--राजन्‌! इस विषयमें विज्ञ पुरुष उद्दालक ऋषि और नाचिकेत दोनोंके संवादरूप इस प्राचीन इतिहासका उदाहरण दिया करते हैं

bhīṣma uvāca | atrāpy udāharantīmam itihāsaṃ purātanam | ṛṣer uddālaker vākyaṃ nāciketasya ca ubhayoḥ ||

بھیشم نے کہا—اے راجن! اس باب میں بھی اہلِ علم ایک قدیم روایت کو مثال کے طور پر پیش کرتے ہیں—یعنی رشی اُدّالک اور ناچیکیت، دونوں کے اقوال پر مشتمل وہ مکالمہ۔

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
अत्रhere; in this matter
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
उदाहरन्तिthey cite; they give as an example
उदाहरन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-आ-हृ
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
इमम्this
इमम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इतिहासम्story; historical account
इतिहासम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइतिहास
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पुरातनम्ancient
पुरातनम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपुरातन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ऋषेःof the sage
ऋषेः:
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
उद्दालकेःof Uddalaka
उद्दालकेः:
TypeNoun
Rootउद्दालक
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
वाक्यम्speech; statement
वाक्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नाचिकेतस्यof Nachiketa
नाचिकेतस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootनाचिकेत
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उभयोःof both (of them)
उभयोः:
TypePronoun
Rootउभ
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Dual

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
U
Uddālaka (ṛṣi)
N
Nāciketas

Educational Q&A

Bhishma signals that ethical instruction is best grounded in authoritative precedent: he introduces an ancient exemplary narrative (itihāsa) and frames it as a reliable guide for dharma through the remembered words of revered speakers.

Bhishma begins a new illustrative episode, announcing that learned people cite an old account—specifically a dialogue involving the sage Uddālaka and Nāciketas—before proceeding to recount it.