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Shloka 31

अन्नदान-प्रशंसा (Praise of the Gift of Food) | Annadāna-Praśaṃsā

अवेदानामयज्ञानामलोकानामवर्तिनाम्‌ | कस्तेषां जीवितेनार्थस्त्वां विना ब्राह्मणाश्रयम्‌

avedānāmayajñānāmalokānām avartinām | kas teṣāṁ jīvitena arthaḥ tvāṁ vinā brāhmaṇāśrayam ||

جو وید سے محروم، یَجْن سے محروم اور دھرم کے راستے پر قائم نہیں—اُن کی زندگی کا کیا مقصد؟ خصوصاً جب وہ تمہارے بغیر ہوں، اے برہمنوں کے سہارا۔

अवेदानाम्of those without the Veda / non-Vedic
अवेदानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootअवेद (a-veda)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अमयज्ञानाम्of those who do not perform sacrifices
अमयज्ञानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootअमयज्ञ (a-mayajña)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अलोकानाम्of those without (proper) worlds / without spiritual realms
अलोकानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootअलोक (a-loka)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अवर्तिनाम्of those who do not abide (in dharma) / non-abiding
अवर्तिनाम्:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootअवर्तिन् (a-vartin)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
कःwho? / what?
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
जीवितेनby/with life; by living
जीवितेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootजीवित (from √जीव्)
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अर्थःpurpose, use, meaning
अर्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Accusative, Singular
विनाwithout
विना:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविना
ब्राह्मणाश्रयम्having Brahmins as refuge / the refuge of Brahmins
ब्राह्मणाश्रयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण-आश्रय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

भीष्म (Bhīṣma)
ब्राह्मण (brāhmaṇas)

Educational Q&A

Life gains moral purpose through adherence to Vedic learning, sacrificial duty, and right conduct; without these—and without a righteous protector who serves as a refuge for brāhmaṇas—mere living is portrayed as empty of higher value.

Bhīṣma, in his instruction on dharma, addresses a respected figure (implicitly a protector of brāhmaṇas) and underscores that those who abandon Veda, yajña, and proper conduct have little meaningful aim in life, especially if they are deprived of such righteous support.