Shloka 22

अन्नदान-प्रशंसा (Praise of the Gift of Food) | Annadāna-Praśaṃsā

Devanagari script

य एवं नैव कुप्यन्ते न लुभ्यन्ति तृणेष्वपि । त एव नः पूज्यतमा ये चापि प्रियवादिन:

Transliteration

ya evaṁ naiva kupyante na lubhyanti tṛṇeṣv api | ta eva naḥ pūjyatamā ye cāpi priyavādinaḥ ||

Translation

بھیشم نے کہا—جو ہرگز غضبناک نہیں ہوتے، گھاس کی تیلی جتنی حقیر چیز پر بھی لالچ نہیں کرتے، اور جو شیریں و پسندیدہ کلام کہتے ہیں—وہی ہمارے نزدیک سب سے زیادہ قابلِ تعظیم ہیں۔

Word by Word

• यः: who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• एवम्: thus, in this manner
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम्

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• एव: indeed, just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• कुप्यन्ते: become angry
• Type: Verb
• Root: कुप्
• Form: Lat, Atmanepada, Third, Plural, Active (Atmanepada usage)

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• लुभ्यन्ति: become greedy, desire
• Type: Verb
• Root: लुभ्
• Form: Lat, Parasmaipada, Third, Plural, Active

• तृणेषु: in/for (even) straws; in trivial things
• तृणेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: तृण
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Plural

• अपि: even, also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• ते: they
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• एव: indeed, alone
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• नः: of us / for us
• नः: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Genitive, Plural, First

• पूज्यतमाः: most worthy of worship, most venerable
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूज्यतम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Superlative

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अपि: also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• प्रियवादिनः: speakers of pleasing words
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रियवादिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

True venerability lies in inner discipline: freedom from anger, freedom from greed even for the smallest gain, and speech that is gentle and pleasing. These qualities together define a person worthy of highest respect.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instructional setting, Bhīṣma is delivering dharma-teachings and identifies the traits of those who deserve the greatest honor—those who are unangered, ungreedy, and kind in speech.