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Shloka 17

अन्नदान-प्रशंसा (Praise of the Gift of Food) | Annadāna-Praśaṃsā

विद्यास्नाता व्रतस्नाता ये व्यपाश्रित्य जीविन: । गूढस्वाध्यायतपसो ब्राह्मणा: संशितव्रता:

bhīṣma uvāca | vidyāsnātā vratāsnātā ye vyapāśritya jīvinaḥ | gūḍhasvādhyāyatapaso brāhmaṇāḥ saṃśitavratāḥ |

بھیشم نے کہا—اے یُدھشٹھِر! وہ برہمن جو علم سے پاکیزہ ہیں اور ورت (نذر و ریاضت) سے بھی سنورے ہوئے؛ جو کسی دولت مند کے سہارے کے بغیر زندگی گزارتے ہیں؛ جو اپنے سوادھیائے اور تپسیا کو پوشیدہ رکھتے ہیں؛ اور سخت عہد و پیمان میں ثابت قدم ہیں—ایسے پاک، ضبطِ نفس والے، اپنی ہی جائز بیوی پر قانع مردوں کے لیے تم جو بھی اعانت و تعظیم کرو گے، وہ اسی دنیا میں تمہارے لیے باعثِ فلاح ہوگا۔

विद्यास्नाताःbathed in/versed in learning (learned)
विद्यास्नाताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविद्या-स्नात
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
व्रतस्नाताःbathed in vows (observant of vows)
व्रतस्नाताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootव्रत-स्नात
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
येwho
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
व्यपाश्रित्यhaving resorted to / depending on
व्यपाश्रित्य:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि + अप + आश्रि
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), Parasmaipada (usage)
जीविनःliving (persons), subsisting
जीविनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजीविन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
गूढस्वाध्यायतपसःwhose self-study and austerity are concealed
गूढस्वाध्यायतपसः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootगूढ-स्वाध्याय-तपस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ब्राह्मणाःBrahmins
ब्राह्मणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
संशितव्रताःof sharpened/strict vows (firm in vows)
संशितव्रताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसंशित-व्रत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिर:
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
Y
Yudhishthira
B
Brahmins (brāhmaṇāḥ)

Educational Q&A

A king’s welfare is strengthened by honoring and supporting truly disciplined Brahmins—those refined by learning and vows, self-reliant (not living by dependence on the rich), inwardly devoted (keeping study and austerity unadvertised), and morally restrained. Aid given to such people is portrayed as especially meritorious and auspicious for the ruler.

In the Anushasana Parva, Bhishma instructs Yudhishthira on dharma and kingly duties. Here he identifies a class of exemplary Brahmins and tells Yudhishthira that whatever he does for their support and honor will bring him well-being—framing patronage as an ethical responsibility guided by discernment of character.