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Shloka 22

Śakra–Śambara Saṃvāda: Brāhmaṇa-sevā, Anasūyā, and Vāg-bala (शक्रशम्बरसंवादः)

द्राविडाश्व॒ कलिड्नाश्च पुलिन्दाश्षाप्युशीनरा: । कोलिसर्पा माहिषकास्तास्ता: क्षत्रियजातय:

Bhīṣma uvāca: drāviḍāś ca kaliṅgāś ca pulindāś cāpy uśīnarāḥ | kolisarpā māhiṣakās tāstāḥ kṣatriyajātayaḥ ||

بھیشم نے کہا—اے فاتح بہادروں میں برتر راجا! دراوڑ، کلنگ، پلند اور اُشینر؛ کولیسَرپ اور ماہِشک—یہ اور ایسی دوسری جماعتیں بھی ابتدا میں کشتریہ تھیں۔ مگر برہمنوں کی عنایت و سرپرستی سے محروم ہو کر وہ شودر شمار کی گئیں۔ اس لیے، اے راجن، برہمنوں کے آگے جھکنے ہی میں بھلائی ہے؛ انہیں مغلوب کرنے کی کوشش نیک نہیں۔

द्राविडाःDravidas (a people)
द्राविडाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्राविड
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कलिङ्गाःKalingas
कलिङ्गाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकलिङ्ग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पुलिन्दाःPulindas
पुलिन्दाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुलिन्द
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
उशीनराःUśīnaras
उशीनराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउशीनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कोलिसर्पाःKolisarpas (a people)
कोलिसर्पाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकोलिसर्प
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
माहिषकाःMāhiṣakas
माहिषकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमाहिषक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ताःthose
ताः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
ताःthose (same)
ताः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
क्षत्रिय-जातयःKṣatriya tribes/castes
क्षत्रिय-जातयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रियजाति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
D
Drāviḍa
K
Kaliṅga
P
Pulinda
U
Uśīnara
K
Kolisarpa
M
Māhiṣaka
B
Brāhmaṇa
K
Kṣatriya
Ś
Śūdra

Educational Q&A

Bhishma teaches that a king’s welfare lies in honoring and not opposing brāhmaṇas. He frames brāhmaṇic favor (anugraha/kṛpā) as socially and ethically sustaining: when kṣatriya groups lose that support and alignment with brāhmaṇic dharma, they are said to fall in status and be treated as śūdra.

In Bhishma’s instruction to Yudhiṣṭhira on conduct and dharma, he cites examples of various peoples (Dravidas, Kalingas, etc.) described as once kṣatriya communities who later came to be regarded as śūdra due to not receiving brāhmaṇas’ gracious regard. He uses this as a cautionary precedent to advise the king to yield to brāhmaṇas rather than contend with them.