Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 2

युधिछिर उवाच कि श्रेय: पुरुषस्येह कि कुर्वन्‌ सुखमेधते । विपाप्मा स भवेत्‌ केन कि वा कल्मषनाशनम्‌,युधिष्ठिर बोले--पितामह! यहाँ मनुष्यके कल्याणका उपाय क्‍या है? क्या करनेसे वह सुखी होता है? किस कर्मके अनुष्ठानसे उसका पाप दूर होता है? अथवा कौन-सा कर्म पाप नष्ट करनेवाला है?

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca: kiṃ śreyaḥ puruṣasyeha kiṃ kurvan sukham edhate | vipāpmā sa bhavet kena kiṃ vā kalmaṣanāśanam ||

یُدھِشٹھِر نے کہا—اے پِتامہ! اس دنیا میں انسان کی اعلیٰ ترین بھلائی کیا ہے؟ کون سا عمل کرنے سے وہ خوشی میں بڑھتا ہے؟ کس عبادت و ریاضت سے وہ گناہ سے پاک ہوتا ہے؟ اور کون سا کام بالخصوص اخلاقی آلودگی کو مٹا دیتا ہے؟

युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
किम्what
किम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
श्रेयःthe good; welfare; highest good
श्रेयः:
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेयस् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
पुरुषस्यof a man/person
पुरुषस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
इहhere; in this world
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह (अव्यय)
किम्what
किम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कुर्वन्doing; while doing
कुर्वन्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
सुखम्happiness; comfort
सुखम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुख (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
एधतेprospers; thrives; grows
एधते:
TypeVerb
Rootएध् (धातु)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
विपाप्माsinless; free from sin
विपाप्मा:
TypeAdjective
Rootविपाप्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्would become; may become
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
केनby what; by which (means)
केन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
किम्what
किम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
कल्मषनाशनम्sin-destroying (act/means); remover of impurity
कल्मषनाशनम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकल्मष-नाशन (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
Bhīṣma (implied by 'Grandfather'/pitāmaha)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a classic dharma-inquiry: identifying the action(s) that lead to true welfare (śreyas), worldly happiness, and moral purification—setting up Bhīṣma’s ethical instruction on conduct that removes sin and promotes well-being.

In Anuśāsana Parva’s didactic setting, Yudhiṣṭhira approaches the elder Bhīṣma as a moral authority and asks a sequence of practical questions about the best good, the source of happiness, and the means of erasing sin, inviting a systematic teaching in response.