Shloka 52

कालयुक्तधर्मविवेकः

Discerning Dharma in Accord with Time

Devanagari script

पापेन कर्मणा देवि वध्यो हिंसारतिर्नर: । अप्रिय: सर्वभूतानां हीनायुरुपजायते

Transliteration

pāpena karmaṇā devi vadhyo hiṃsāratir naraḥ | apriyaḥ sarvabhūtānāṃ hīnāyur upajāyate ||

Translation

اے دیوی! پاپ کرم کے سبب ہنسا میں رَت انسان قتل کے لائق ٹھہرتا ہے؛ وہ سب جانداروں کو ناپسند ہوتا ہے اور کم عمر ہو کر جنم لیتا ہے۔

Word by Word

• पापेन: by/with sin
• पापेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• कर्मणा: by/with deed/action
• कर्मणा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• देवि: O goddess/lady
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Vocative, Singular

• वध्यः: liable to be slain / killable
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वध्य (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त from √वध्/वध् ‘to kill’, sense ‘fit to be killed’)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• हिंसारतिः: one who delights in violence
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हिंसारति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• नरः: man/person
• नरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अप्रियः: unpleasant / disliked
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अप्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सर्वभूतानाम्: of all beings
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्वभूत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Genitive, Plural

• हीनायुः: short-lived / having diminished lifespan
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हीनायु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उपजायते: is born/arises/comes to be
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जन् (धातु) with उप-; लट्, आत्मनेपद
• Form: Present (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada

Speaker

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Śrīmaheśvara (Mahādeva/Śiva)
• Devī (the Goddess, addressed)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Delighting in violence is itself a grave ethical fault: it makes a person blameworthy and punishable, alienates them from all living beings, and results in diminished well-being—expressed here as a shortened lifespan—through the moral law of karma.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Anuśāsana Parva’s didactic setting, Maheshvara addresses Devī and states a general moral principle: sinful, violence-loving conduct brings social hatred and destructive consequences, contrasting with the implied ideal of dharmic, non-harmful behavior.