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Shloka 5

धर्मनिन्दा–धर्मोपासनाफलम् तथा साध्वाचारलक्षणम्

Fruits of Disparaging vs. Observing Dharma; Marks of Good Conduct

एतन्मे संशयं देव वद भूतपतेडनघ । त्रयो वर्णा: प्रकृत्येह कथं ब्राह्माण्यमाप्रुयु:,देव! पापरहित भूतनाथ! मेरे इस संशयका समाधान कीजिये। शूद्र, वैश्य और क्षत्रिय --इन तीन वर्णोंके लोग किस प्रकार स्वभावतः ब्राह्मणत्वको प्राप्त हो सकते हैं?

etan me saṁśayaṁ deva vada bhūtapate 'nagha | trayo varṇāḥ prakṛtyeha kathaṁ brāhmaṇyam āpnuyuḥ ||

اے دیو، اے بےگناہ بھوتپتی! میرے اس شک کو دور فرمائیے۔ اس دنیا میں شُودر، ویشیہ اور کشتریہ—یہ تینوں ورن اپنے فطری میلان اور آچرن کے ذریعے کیسے برہمنیت کو پا سکتے ہیں؟

एतत्this (matter)
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मेmy
मे:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
संशयम्doubt
संशयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंशय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
देवO god / O lord
देव:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
वदtell (speak)
वद:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
भूतपतेO lord of beings
भूतपते:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootभूतपति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अनघO sinless one
अनघ:
Sampradana
TypeAdjective
Rootअनघ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
त्रयःthree
त्रयः:
Karta
TypeNumeral/Adjective
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वर्णाःclasses (varnas)
वर्णाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रकृत्याby nature
प्रकृत्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रकृति
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
इहhere / in this world
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
कथम्how
कथम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
ब्राह्माण्यम्Brahminhood
ब्राह्माण्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्माण्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आप्नुयुःmight attain
आप्नुयुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआप्
FormOptative, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

Ś
Śrī Mahēśvara (Śiva)
D
Deva (addressed deity)
B
Bhūtapati (Lord of beings)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a dharma-question: whether Brahminhood is merely by birth or can be attained through innate disposition and ethical-spiritual conduct, inviting an answer that grounds status in qualities and practice.

Mahēśvara addresses a deity as ‘Lord of beings’ and asks for clarification about how members of the other three varṇas (Śūdra, Vaiśya, Kṣatriya) might, in this world, attain Brahminhood—setting up a doctrinal explanation in the surrounding passage.