Shloka 2

भीष्म उवाच साम्ना प्रसाद्यते कश्नचिद्‌ दानेन च तथा पर: । पुरुषप्रकृतिं ज्ञात्वा तयोरेकतरं भजेत्‌,भीष्मजीने कहा--बेटा! कोई मनुष्य सामसे प्रसन्न होता है और कोई दानसे। अतः पुरुषके स्वभावको समझकर दोनोंमेंसे एकको अपनाना चाहिये

bhīṣma uvāca | sāmnā prasādyate kaścid dānena ca tathā paraḥ | puruṣa-prakṛtiṁ jñātvā tayor ekataraṁ bhajet ||

بھیشم نے کہا— کوئی شخص نرمی اور تسلی (سام) سے راضی ہوتا ہے اور کوئی عطیہ و بخشش (دان) سے۔ اس لیے آدمی کی فطرت کو سمجھ کر ان دونوں میں سے جو طریقہ مناسب ہو، وہی اختیار کرنا چاہیے۔

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
साम्नाby conciliation / by gentle means
साम्ना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसामन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
प्रसाद्यतेis pleased / is propitiated
प्रसाद्यते:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootप्रसद्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive (karmani)
कश्चित्someone (a certain person)
कश्चित्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकश्चित्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दानेनby giving / by a gift
दानेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदान
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तथाlikewise / similarly
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
परःanother (person)
परः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुरुषप्रकृतिम्a person's nature/temperament
पुरुषप्रकृतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुषप्रकृति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
ज्ञात्वाhaving known
ज्ञात्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormAbsolutive (ktvā), Active
तयोःof the two (means)
तयोः:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Dual
एकतरम्one of the two
एकतरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootएकतर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
भजेत्should adopt / should resort to
भजेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभज्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

People respond differently to different approaches; one should discern an individual’s temperament and then use an appropriate ethical means—either gentle conciliation (sāman) or generosity through gifts (dāna)—to achieve harmony or cooperation.

In Bhishma’s instruction on dharma and proper conduct, he advises the listener that effective and righteous dealing with others requires reading their nature: some are pacified by respectful persuasion, others by material help or gifts, so one should choose the suitable method.