Shloka 39

उपवासफलात्मकविधिः — Upavāsa as Yajña-Equivalent Merit

Angiras Teaching

Devanagari script

यस्तु संवत्सरं पूर्णमेकाहारो भवेन्नर:

Transliteration

yastu saṁvatsaraṁ pūrṇam ekāhāro bhaven naraḥ

Translation

انگیرس نے کہا—لیکن جو شخص پورے ایک سال تک روزانہ صرف ایک ہی بار کھانا کھاتا ہے…

Word by Word

• यः: who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• संवत्सरम्: a year
• संवत्सरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: संवत्सर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• पूर्णम्: complete/full
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूर्ण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• एकाहारः: one-meal (person); one who eats once (a day)
• एकाहारः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: एकाहार
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भवेत्: would be/should be
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• नरः: a man
• नरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

अंगियरा उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Aṅgiras

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse foregrounds sustained moderation—restricting oneself to one meal daily for an entire year—as a form of tapas that cultivates self-mastery and supports righteous living (dharma).

What is happening in the narrative?

Aṅgiras is describing a specific ascetic practice and setting up its spiritual-ethical significance, as part of a broader instruction on vows, discipline, and the fruits of austerity in the Anuśāsana Parva.