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Shloka 24

ययातेर्वानप्रस्थतपःस्वर्गारोहणम् | Yayāti’s Vānaprastha Austerities and Ascent to Heaven

देवयान्युवाच कथमाशीविषात्‌ सर्पाज्ज्वलनात्‌ सर्वतोमुखात्‌ | दुराधर्षतरो विप्र इत्यात्थ पुरुषर्षभ

Devayāny uvāca: katham āśīviṣāt sarpāj jvalanāt sarvatomukhāt | durādharṣataro vipra ity āttha puruṣarṣabha ||

دیویانی نے کہا—اے مردوں میں افضل! تم نے یہ کیسے کہا کہ برہمن زہریلے سانپ اور ہر طرف بھڑکتی ہوئی آگ سے بھی زیادہ ناقابلِ دسترس اور ہیبت ناک ہے؟

देवयानीDevayānī
देवयानी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवयानी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
कथम्how
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
आशीविषात्from a venomous serpent
आशीविषात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootआशीविष
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
सर्पात्from a snake
सर्पात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्प
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
ज्वलनात्from fire/flame
ज्वलनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootज्वलन
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
सर्वतःon all sides
सर्वतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वतः
मुखात्from (its) mouth/face
मुखात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootमुख
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
दुराधर्षतरःmore unassailable/terrible
दुराधर्षतरः:
TypeAdjective
Rootदुराधर्षतर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Comparative
विप्रःa brāhmaṇa
विप्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
आत्थyou said
आत्थ:
TypeVerb
Rootअह्
FormPerfect, Second, Singular
पुरुषर्षभO bull among men
पुरुषर्षभ:
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुषर्षभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

D
Devayānī
V
vipra (brāhmaṇa)
Ā
āśīviṣa (venomous serpent)
S
sarpa (snake)
J
jvalana (fire)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the Mahābhārata’s ethical idea that a brāhmaṇa’s power—rooted in knowledge, restraint, and especially speech (blessing/curse, counsel)—can be more consequential than physical dangers like poison or fire; therefore one should approach such authority with respect and caution.

Devayānī challenges a prior statement addressed to a ‘best of men,’ asking how he could claim that a brāhmaṇa is more formidable than a deadly snake or an all-consuming fire; it sets up an explanation about the special potency and social-religious authority attributed to brāhmaṇas.