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Shloka 46

Babhruvāhana Meets a Preta: Vṛṣotsarga, Heirless Death, and the Signs of Preta-Affliction

Devanagari script

न मे ऽस्ति सन्ततिस्तात न सुहृन्न च बान्धवाः / न च मित्रं हितस्तादृग्यः कुर्यादौर्ध्वदैहिकम्

Transliteration

na me 'sti santatistāta na suhṛnna ca bāndhavāḥ / na ca mitraṃ hitastādṛgyaḥ kuryādaurdhvadaihikam

Translation

اے عزیز، نہ میری کوئی اولاد ہے، نہ خیرخواہ دوست، نہ رشتہ دار؛ اور نہ کوئی ایسا سچا مفید دوست ہے جو میرے لیے اوُردھودَیہِک (بعد از مرگ) رسومات ادا کرے۔

Word by Word
नnot
न:
Sambandha (Particle/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्ययम् (negation particle)
मेfor me / my
मे:
Sambandha (Possessor/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी/चतुर्थी-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; अत्र षष्ठी (Genitive singular: ‘of me’)
अस्तिthere is
अस्ति:
Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकारः (वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम् (Present indicative, 3rd sg.)
सन्ततिःoffspring/lineage
सन्ततिः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसन्तति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (Nominative singular, fem.)
तातO dear (father/sir)
तात:
Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootतात (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे सम्बोधन-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (Vocative singular)
नnot
न:
Sambandha (Particle/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्ययम्
सुहृत्a well-wisher/friend
सुहृत्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसुहृत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (Nominative singular, masc.)
नnor
न:
Sambandha (Particle/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्ययम्
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्ययम्
बान्धवाःrelatives
बान्धवाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootबान्धव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम् (Nominative plural, masc.)
नnot
न:
Sambandha (Particle/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्ययम्
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्ययम्
मित्रम्a friend
मित्रम्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; अत्र प्रथमा (Nominative singular, neut.)
हितःbeneficial/well-meaning
हितः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootहित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; ‘(मित्रम्) हितः’ इति—अर्थे ‘हितकारी’ (beneficial/well-disposed)
तादृक्such
तादृक्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootतादृश्/तादृक् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; ‘यः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम् (such)
यःwho
यः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (Relative pronoun; Nominative singular, masc.)
कुर्यात्would do/should perform
कुर्यात्:
Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (संभावना/आज्ञा), प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम् (Optative, 3rd sg.)
और्ध्वदैहिकम्post-death rites (funeral/after-death ceremonies)
और्ध्वदैहिकम्:
Karman (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootऊर्ध्व (प्रातिपदिक) + दैहिक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; तत्पुरुषः (ऊर्ध्वं देहात्—post-mortem rites) (Accusative singular, neut.)
Speaker

A departed soul (preta) lamenting to a listener (contextually within Vishnu–Garuda dialogue as an illustrative voice)

Pretakalpa Layer

Afterlife Stage: Pretayoni

Shraddha Ritual

Beneficiary: Pitr

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Auर्ध्वदैहika-kriyā (post-death rites) are a dharmic obligation typically borne by offspring/kin; neglect leads to suffering for the departed.

Vedantic Theme: Interdependence within karma and dharma: embodied life is supported by social duties; rites serve as karmic ‘bridges’ for the departed jīva.

Application: Plan end-of-life rites responsibly: cultivate trustworthy relationships, appoint ritual responsibility, and support institutions/priests who can perform rites when family is absent.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana (Preta-kalpa): repeated insistence that lack of śrāddha/pinda prolongs preta-state

FAQs

This verse highlights that without someone to perform aurdhva-daīhika—funeral rites and subsequent śrāddha—the departed is left unsupported; hence the text stresses ensuring these rites are arranged.

It portrays the vulnerability of the departed when there are no offspring, relatives, or a sincere well-wisher to undertake the required rites, implying spiritual and ritual dependence on the living.

Arrange end-of-life and post-death rite responsibilities in advance (family, trusted person, or community/purohita support) so essential funeral and śrāddha duties are not neglected.

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