Shloka 91

Santaptaka’s Encounter with Five Pretas and Their Liberation through Viṣṇu’s Presence

Devanagari script

तस्य पीडां वपं कुर्मो नैव श्राद्धं न तर्पणम् / यस्य गेहे तदङ्गात्तु मांसञ्च रुधिरं क्रमात्

Transliteration

tasya pīḍāṃ vapaṃ kurmo naiva śrāddhaṃ na tarpaṇam / yasya gehe tadaṅgāttu māṃsañca rudhiraṃ kramāt

Translation

ہم اسے تکلیف دیتے ہیں جس کے لیے نہ شردھ ہوتا ہے اور نہ ہی ترپن۔ جس کے گھر میں یہ رسومات ادا نہیں کی جاتیں، ہم اسی کے جسم سے گوشت اور خون حاصل کرتے ہیں۔

Word by Word

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• पीडाम्: torment
• पीडाम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पीडा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• वपम्: fat/omentum
• वपम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• कुर्मः: we do/make
• कुर्मः: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), उत्तम-पुरुष (1st person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थ अव्यय (negation)

• एव: indeed/at all
• एव: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थ अव्यय (particle)

• श्राद्धम्: śrāddha rite
• श्राद्धम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्राद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (context: object of implied 'is done' / 'there is')

• न: nor
• न: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थ अव्यय (negation)

• तर्पणम्: libation/oblation (tarpaṇa)
• तर्पणम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तर्पण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• यस्य: whose
• यस्य: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सम्बन्धवाचक सर्वनाम

• गेहे: in (his) house
• गेहे: Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• तत्: that
• तत्: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; संकेतार्थ

• अङ्गात्: from the limb/body
• अङ्गात्: Apadana (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (5th/Ablative), एकवचन

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/विशेषणार्थ अव्यय (particle: 'but/indeed')

• मांसम्: flesh
• मांसम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मांस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थ अव्यय (conjunction: 'and')

• रुधिरम्: blood
• रुधिरम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुधिर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• क्रमात्: successively/in sequence
• क्रमात्: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; अव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोग (adverbial: 'in order/successively')

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue with Garuda)

Pretakalpa Layer

Afterlife Stage: Pretayoni

Shraddha Ritual

Beneficiary: Pitr

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Adharmic conditions lead to preta-inflicted suffering and deprivation of ancestral rites; bodily harm imagery underscores karmic consequence.

Vedantic Theme: Karma-phala as experiential suffering; neglect of dharma disrupts both social-ritual order and inner well-being.

Application: Maintain dharmic conduct and do not neglect śrāddha/tarpaṇa; address causes of ritual/ethical lapse to prevent affliction.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bibhatsa

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Geographic Context

Type: household

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana Pretakalpa: consequences of neglecting śrāddha/tarpaṇa; preta-doṣa and suffering descriptions (contextual parallel)

Characters & Entities

• Pitris
• Pretas

FAQs

What is the importance of Śrāddha and Tarpaṇa in Garuda Purana?

This verse links śrāddha and tarpaṇa with post-death welfare: when these rites are obstructed or become invalid due to grave misconduct, the departed is described as undergoing suffering and being deprived of ritual support.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul after death?

In the Preta-kāṇḍa context, the deceased (as a preta) depends on prescribed rites; the verse indicates that certain actions cause the preta to face torment and lose the benefit of offerings that would otherwise aid its transition.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Treat death-related duties and the deceased’s body with reverence, avoid exploitative or harmful acts connected with funerary contexts, and perform śrāddha/tarpaṇa with sincerity and proper guidance.