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Garuda Purana — Preta Kalpa, Shloka 7

Sapindīkaraṇa: Timing, Eligibility, Gotra Rules, and Yearlong Śrāddha

with Vṛṣotsarga and Ghaṭa-dāna

Devanagari script

सपिण्डने ततो वृत्ते पितृलोकं स गच्छति / तस्मात्पुत्त्रेण कर्तव्यं सपिण्डीकरणं पितुः

Transliteration

sapiṇḍane tato vṛtte pitṛlokaṃ sa gacchati / tasmātputtreṇa kartavyaṃ sapiṇḍīkaraṇaṃ pituḥ

Translation

جب سَپِنڈی کرن کی رسم ٹھیک طرح پوری ہو جاتی ہے تو وہ پِتر لوک کو جاتا ہے۔ اس لیے باپ کے لیے سَپِنڈی کرن بیٹے کو لازماً کرنا چاہیے۔

Word by Word
सपिण्डनेin/after the sapiṇḍana (rite)
सपिण्डने:
Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootस-पिण्डन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सति-सप्तमी-प्रयोगे (in/when sapiṇḍana is done)
ततःthen; thereafter
ततः:
Sambandha (Sequence/अनन्तर)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formतदर्थक-अव्यय (thereupon/then)
वृत्तेwhen completed; having taken place
वृत्ते:
Adhikarana (Locative absolute/सति-सप्तमी)
TypeAdjective
Rootवृत् (धातु) + क्त (कृत्) → वृत्त (कृदन्त)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सति-सप्तमी (when it has occurred/been completed)
पितृलोकम्to the world of the ancestors
पितृलोकम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ-लोक (प्रातिपदिक; पितृ + लोक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (पितॄणां लोकः)
सःhe
सः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
गच्छतिgoes
गच्छति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (वर्तमान), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
तस्मात्therefore
तस्मात्:
Sambandha (Cause/हेतु)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतस्मात् (अव्यय/तद्-प्रयोगः)
Formहेतौ/तस्मात्-प्रयोगः (ablatival adverb: therefore/from that reason)
पुत्रेणby the son
पुत्रेण:
Kartr-karana (Agent expressed in instrumental/कर्ता-तृतीया)
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण/कर्ता-निर्देश), एकवचन
कर्तव्यम्must be done
कर्तव्यम्:
Kriya-visheshana (Predicate adjective/विधेय-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृ (धातु) + तव्यत् (कृत्) → कर्तव्य (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण; कर्तव्यता (ought to be done)
सपिण्डीकरणम्the sapiṇḍīkaraṇa rite
सपिण्डीकरणम्:
Karta (Grammatical subject of passive/कर्तृस्थानी)
TypeNoun
Rootस-पिण्डी-करण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (कर्तव्यम् इत्यस्य विषयः)
पितुःof the father
पितुः:
Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda)

Pretakalpa Layer

Afterlife Stage: Svarga

Shraddha Ritual

Ritual Type: Sapindana

Beneficiary: Pitr

Timing: Upon completion of sapiṇḍīkaraṇa (as prescribed)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Sapiṇḍīkaraṇa effects the deceased’s transition to pitṛ-status; filial duty (putra-dharma) requires the son to perform it for the father.

Vedantic Theme: Karma and relational dharma (ṛṇa—pitṛ-ṛṇa) within saṁsāra; ritual action as a means to settle obligations and support gati.

Application: Ensure sapiṇḍīkaraṇa is performed for the father by eligible kin (ideally the son) with correct procedure and timing; treat it as repayment of pitṛ-ṛṇa.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Geographic Context

Type: ancestral realm

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: preta-to-pitṛ transition teachings; sapiṇḍīkaraṇa phala statements (contextual)

Characters & Entities
P
Pitris

FAQs

This verse states that completion of sapiṇḍīkaraṇa enables the departed to attain Pitṛ-loka, making it a key rite in the post-death śrāddha sequence.

It links a specific ritual milestone—sapiṇḍīkaraṇa—with the transition from the post-death condition to joining the ancestral realm (Pitṛ-loka).

It emphasizes fulfilling family dharma by properly completing prescribed ancestral rites—especially for one’s father—through qualified guidance and sincere intent.

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