Shloka 8

Purification of Substances (Dravya-Śuddhi) and Rules of Ācamana

Devanagari script

रश्मिरग्नी रजश्छाया गौरश्वो वसुधानिलाः / अश्वाजविप्रुषो मेध्या स्तथाचमनबिन्दवः

Transliteration

raśmiragnī rajaśchāyā gauraśvo vasudhānilāḥ / aśvājavipruṣo medhyā stathācamanabindavaḥ

Translation

روشنی کی کرنیں اور آگ، گرد و غبار اور سایہ، پھیکا (سفید) گھوڑا، زمین اور ہوا—نیز تیز گھوڑے کے چھینٹے، مُہَدِّی/مِدھیہ (پاک کرنے والے) مادّے، اور آچمن کے پانی کے قطرے—یہ سب پاک شمار کیے گئے ہیں۔

Word by Word

• raśmiḥ: a ray
• raśmiḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: raśmi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• agnī: two fires / fire (dual form)
• agnī: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: agni (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), द्विवचन (dual)

• rajaḥ: dust
• rajaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rajas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• chāyā: shade
• chāyā: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: chāyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• gauraḥ: white; fair
• gauraḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: gaura (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण

• aśvaḥ: horse
• aśvaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aśva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• vasudhā: earth
• vasudhā: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vasudhā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• anilāḥ: winds
• anilāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anila (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• aśva: horse
• aśva: Samāsa-aṅga (Compound member/समासाङ्ग)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aśva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रातिपदिक-रूप (समासाङ्ग)

• aja: goat
• aja: Samāsa-aṅga (Compound member/समासाङ्ग)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रातिपदिक-रूप (समासाङ्ग); ‘अज’ = goat

• vipruṣaḥ: drops; droplets
• vipruṣaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vipruṣ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग (प्रयोगभेद), प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; ‘बिन्दु/कण’

• medhyāḥ: purifying; pure
• medhyāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: medhya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifying vipruṣaḥ)

• s-tathā: and likewise
• s-tathā: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; ‘तथा’ = ‘also/likewise’; पूर्वपद-सम्बन्धे ‘स्’ उपसर्गवत्/उच्चारण-प्रसङ्ग (textual sandhi)

• ācamanabindavaḥ: drops of water used for sipping (ācāmana)
• ācamanabindavaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ācāmana (प्रातिपदिक) + bindu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative: ‘drops of sipping-water’)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Certain natural agencies and minute quantities (e.g., ācāmana drops) are considered inherently purifying (medhya) within ritual grammar.

Vedantic Theme: Harmony of microcosm and macrocosm: elemental forces participate in sustaining sattva and ritual order (ṛta/dharma).

Application: Recognize and employ accepted purifiers (fire, sunlight, wind, earth-contact rules, ācāmana drops) in daily rites; maintain attentiveness to what counts as medhya in context.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: cosmic/elemental field (light, fire, wind, earth)

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.97.9-10 (ācāmana occasions and exceptions)

Characters & Entities

• Agni
• Vayu (Anila)

FAQs

What is the importance of medhya (purifying) items in the Garuda Purana?

This verse lists subtle and physical purifiers—light, fire, air, earth, and sanctifying waters—showing that ritual purity is maintained through both cosmic elements and specific observances like ācamana.

How does this verse relate to Garuda Purana death rituals and purity rules?

In Garuda Purana contexts, purity supports the efficacy of rites (such as śrāddha, piṇḍa-dāna, and prayers). By naming purifying factors, the verse frames cleanliness and consecration as prerequisites for correct ritual performance.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Before worship or ancestral rites, observe basic cleanliness, perform ācamana with clean water, and maintain a mindful, restrained state—treating purity as both external hygiene and inner discipline.