Shloka 44

Pitṛ-Stuti, Tarpaṇa, and the Ritual Power of Recitation in Śrāddha

Devanagari script

कल्याणः कल्यदः कर्ता कल्यः कल्यतराश्रयः / कल्यताहेतुरन्घः षडिमे ते गणाः स्मृताः

Transliteration

kalyāṇaḥ kalyadaḥ kartā kalyaḥ kalyatarāśrayaḥ / kalyatāheturanghaḥ ṣaḍime te gaṇāḥ smṛtāḥ

Translation

کلیان، کلیاد، کرتا، کلیہ، کلیتراآشرَے اور اَنَگھ—جو برکت کا سبب اور بےگناہ ہے—یہ چھ القاب آپ کے لیے یاد کیے جاتے ہیں۔

Word by Word

• कल्याणः: the auspicious one
• कल्याणः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कल्याण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• कल्यदः: giver of auspiciousness
• कल्यदः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कल्यद (प्रातिपदिक; कल्य + द = ‘giver of auspiciousness’)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (कल्यस्य दः)

• कर्त्ता: doer/creator
• कर्त्ता: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृ (धातु) + तृ (कृत्-प्रत्यय) → कर्तृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्तृ-प्रत्ययान्त (agent noun)

• कल्यः: auspicious
• कल्यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कल्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण-प्रयोग

• कल्यतराश्रयः: refuge of the more-auspicious
• कल्यतराश्रयः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कल्यतर (प्रातिपदिक; कल्य + तर) + आश्रय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (कल्यतरस्य आश्रयः)

• कल्यताहेतुः: cause of auspiciousness
• कल्यताहेतुः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कल्यता (प्रातिपदिक) + हेतु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (कल्यतायाः हेतुḥ)

• अन्घः: sin/evil
• अन्घः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्घ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• षट्: six
• षट्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: षट् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: संख्यावाचक, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (गणाः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)

• इमे: these
• इमे: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

• ते: of you/your
• ते: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• गणाः: groups/classes
• गणाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• स्मृताः: are said/remembered
• स्मृताः: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्मृ (धातु) + क्त (कृत्) → स्मृत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोगे विधेय

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda / Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Smaraṇa of the Lord’s auspicious names as a direct generator of auspiciousness and inner purification.

Vedantic Theme: Īśvara as nirdoṣa (anagha) and as the upādāna/ nimitta-kāraṇa of auspicious order; nāma as a support (ālambana) for citta-śuddhi.

Application: Use these epithets as a daily japa/recitation set (gaṇa) before śrāddha, pūjā, or at dawn; reflect on ‘anagha’ to cultivate ethical restraint and purity.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.89.44-48 (Pitṛ-gaṇa and satisfaction through offering); Garuda Purana (Nāma-stuti sections praising Viṣṇu as mangala-kāraṇa)

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of ‘kalyāṇa’ (auspiciousness) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse frames auspiciousness as a divine quality rooted in Vishnu—He is described as the source, giver, and refuge of kalyāṇa, implying that spiritual welfare is ultimately grounded in devotion and alignment with dharma.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Indirectly: by emphasizing the ‘sinless’ (anagha) and ‘cause of auspiciousness’ nature of Vishnu, it points to purification and divine refuge as supports for the soul’s well-being—key themes that recur in Garuda Purana discussions of fate, merit, and spiritual protection.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use these epithets as a short daily remembrance (nāma-smaraṇa): cultivate actions that are kalyāṇa (beneficial, dharmic), and seek ‘refuge in the higher good’ (kalyatarāśraya) through ethical living and devotion.