Shloka 2

Devanagari script

अस्मत्कुले मृता ये च गतिर्येषां न विद्यते / आवाहयिष्येतान्सर्वान् दर्भपृष्ठे तिलोदकैः

Transliteration

asmatkule mṛtā ye ca gatiryeṣāṃ na vidyate / āvāhayiṣyetānsarvān darbhapṛṣṭhe tilodakaiḥ

Translation

ہمارے کُلے میں جو وفات پا چکے ہیں اور جن کی کوئی گتی نہیں، اُن سب کو دَربھ کی شَیّا پر تِل کے جل کے ساتھ آواہن کرنا چاہیے۔

Word by Word

• अस्मत्कुले: in our family
• अस्मत्कुले: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम) + कुल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (अस्माकं कुलम्)

• मृताः: dead (ones)
• मृताः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √मृ धातु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; भूतकृदन्त (past participle)

• ये: who
• ये: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; सम्बन्धबोधक-यः-तद् (relative pronoun)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)

• गतिः: (a) refuge/way/destination
• गतिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• येषाम्: of whom
• येषाम्: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), बहुवचन; सम्बन्ध (genitive)

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-निपात (negation particle)

• विद्यते: exists/is found
• विद्यते: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present/वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; भावे/कर्तरि प्रयोग (exists/is found)

• आवाहयिष्येतान्: should/will invoke them
• आवाहयिष्येतान्: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-वाह् (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future/भविष्यत्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; एतान् (द्वितीया बहुवचन) कर्म-प्रत्यय-सम्बद्ध (sandhi-attached object)

• एतान्: these (them)
• एतान्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), बहुवचन

• सर्वान्: all
• सर्वान्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifying एतान्)

• दर्भपृष्ठे: on a darbha-grass seat/bed
• दर्भपृष्ठे: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दर्भ + पृष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (दर्भस्य पृष्ठम्)

• तिलोदकैः: with sesame-water offerings
• तिलोदकैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तिल + उदक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (तिलयुक्तम् उदकम्)

Speaker

Lord Viṣṇu (in instruction to Garuḍa, Vinatā-putra)

Pretakalpa Layer

Afterlife Stage: Pretayoni

Shraddha Ritual

Ritual Type: Parvana

Beneficiary: Pitr

Timing: Within śrāddha sequence, during āvāhana/tarpaṇa portion

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: One should ritually include lineage members who died without proper rites or whose ‘gati’ is obstructed, invoking them with darbha and sesame-water.

Vedantic Theme: Compassionate dharma toward ancestors; karma’s continuity across generations and the remedial power of prescribed rites.

Application: In śrāddha saṅkalpa, explicitly remember forgotten/unknown ancestors; offer tilodaka and seat them on darbha with focused intention.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: ritual space (śrāddha-vedi/kuśa seat)

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.85.3-4 (father/mother/maternal-grandfather lineages).; Garuda Purana śrāddha sections on tilodaka and darbha as pitṛ-priya.

Characters & Entities

• Pitṛs (ancestors)
• Deceased of the lineage

FAQs

What is the importance of invoking ancestors with tilodaka (sesame-water) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse presents tilodaka offered on darbha as a ritual means to call and support departed relatives—especially those believed to lack proper post-death support—within the framework of pitṛ-karmas.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul after death?

By stating that some deceased may be “without gati,” it implies that post-death progress is influenced by dharmic rites; invocation and offerings are portrayed as aids that can benefit such departed beings.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Perform śrāddha/tarpaṇa with sincerity (as per one’s tradition and guidance), remembering neglected or unknown ancestors and dedicating offerings for their welfare and peace.