Shloka 13

Śālagrāma–Sudarśana-Vyūha Nirūpaṇa, Tīrtha-Saṅgraha, Samvatsara-Nāma, and Mantra-Rakṣā

Devanagari script

परिधावी प्रमादी च आनन्दो राक्षसो नलः / पिङ्गलः कालसिद्धार्थौ रौद्रिर्वै दुर्मतिस्तथा

Transliteration

paridhāvī pramādī ca ānando rākṣaso nalaḥ / piṅgalaḥ kālasiddhārthau raudrirvai durmatistathā

Translation

پریدھاوی اور پرمادی؛ آنند، راکشس اور نل؛ پِنگل؛ کال اور سدھارتھ؛ نیز رَودری اور دُرمتی—یہ نام ترتیب سے شمار کیے جاتے ہیں۔

Word by Word

• परिधावी: Paridhāvin (name)
• परिधावी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परिधाविन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; नाम (वर्ष-नाम)

• प्रमादी: Pramādin (name)
• प्रमादी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रमादिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नाम

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)

• आनन्दः: Ānanda (name)
• आनन्दः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आनन्द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नाम

• राक्षसः: Rākṣasa (name)
• राक्षसः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नाम

• नलः: Nala (name)
• नलः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नाम

• पिङ्गलः: Piṅgala (name)
• पिङ्गलः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पिङ्गल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नाम

• कालसिद्धार्थौ: Kāla and Siddhārtha (two names)
• कालसिद्धार्थौ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल + सिद्धार्थ (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; द्वन्द्व-समास (कालः च सिद्धार्थः च)

• रौद्रीः: Raudrī (name)
• रौद्रीः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रौद्री (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नाम (रौद्री)

• वै: indeed
• वै: Sambandha (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphatic particle)

• दुर्मतिः: Durmati (name)
• दुर्मतिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्मति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नाम

• तथा: likewise/also
• तथा: Sambandha (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Naming and recognizing temporal cycles (years) as part of correct ritual order (kāla-jñāna).

Vedantic Theme: Kāla as an ordering principle within prakṛti; disciplined attention to time as a support for dharma.

Application: Use the named year-identities to situate vows, rites, and observances within a traditional calendrical framework.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.66.14-17 (continuation of year/time and vowel-based timing scheme)

Characters & Entities

• Kāla
• Rākṣasa

FAQs

What is the importance of listing such names in the Garuda Purana?

This verse functions as an identificatory catalogue—naming fearsome forces/attendants associated with death-time experiences, emphasizing the inevitability and orderliness of the post-death administration described in the text.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Indirectly: by enumerating beings linked with Kāla (time/death) and harsh agencies, it situates the soul’s journey within a structured moral cosmos where death and its agents are not random but part of a governed passage.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use it as a reminder against pramāda (negligence) and durmati (harmful intent): disciplined conduct, truthfulness, and dharmic living are presented as the best preparation for death and its aftermath.