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Shloka 17

Devatā-Pratiṣṭhā: Maṇḍapa Construction, Dikpāla Worship, Kalaśa-Abhiṣeka, Nyāsa and Homa Procedures

Devanagari script

आग्निं संसुप्तिमन्त्रेण यमोनागेति दक्षिणे / पूज्या रक्षोहनोवेति पश्चिमे उत्तरे ऽपि च

Transliteration

āgniṃ saṃsuptimantreṇa yamonāgeti dakṣiṇe / pūjyā rakṣohanoveti paścime uttare 'pi ca

Translation

‘سَنسُپتی’ منتر سے اگنی کا آواہن کرے۔ جنوب میں یم اور ناگوں کو پکارے۔ مغرب میں قابلِ پرستش دیوتا کو، اور شمال میں بھی راکشسوں کے ہنتا کو آواہن کرے۔

Word by Word
आग्निम्Agni (fire-deity)
आग्निम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootआग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन; accusative singular masculine
संसुप्ति-मन्त्रेणwith the Saṃsupti mantra
संसुप्ति-मन्त्रेण:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootसंसुप्ति (प्रातिपदिक) + मन्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन; instrumental singular masculine; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (संसुप्तेः मन्त्रः)
यम-उना-गेति“yamo nāge” (thus)
यम-उना-गेति:
Sambandha (Quotation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयम (प्रातिपदिक) + उना (अव्यय/निपात-रूप) + ग (धातु √गम्) + इति (अव्यय)
Formमन्त्र-पाठ-निर्देशः; 'इति' इत्यनेन उद्धरण-समाप्तिः; mantra-quotation marker
दक्षिणेin the south (direction)
दक्षिणे:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootदक्षिण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन; locative singular neuter
पूज्याः(they) are to be worshipped
पूज्याः:
Karta (Predicate nominative/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootपूज्य (कृदन्त; √पूज् धातु)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विधेय-विशेषण; gerundive (तव्यत्) ‘to be worshipped’
रक्षः-हनः-उ-वेति“rakṣo hano” (thus)
रक्षः-हनः-उ-वेति:
Sambandha (Quotation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootरक्षस् (प्रातिपदिक) + हन् (धातु √हन्) + उ (अव्यय/निपात-रूप) + इति (अव्यय)
Formमन्त्र-पाठ-निर्देशः; 'इति' इत्यनेन उद्धरण-समाप्तिः; mantra-quotation marker
पश्चिमेin the west
पश्चिमे:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootपश्चिम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन; locative singular neuter
उत्तरेin the north
उत्तरे:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootउत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन; locative singular neuter
अपिalso
अपि:
Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle); ‘also/even’
चand
च:
Sambandha (Conjunction/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-बोधक अव्यय; conjunction ‘and’
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Shraddha Ritual

Ritual Type: Parvana

Beneficiary: Pitr

Timing: During preparatory dikpāla-pūjana/āvāhana within śrāddha or allied smārta rite

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Ritual correctness (vidhi) and directional guardianship as a means of protection and sanctification.

Vedantic Theme: Adhidaivika ordering of space: the many deities as functional expressions within a single cosmic governance.

Application: When performing śrāddha/household rites, maintain disciplined sequence, invoke protective powers per direction, and treat the ritual boundary as sacred.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Geographic Context

Type: ritual-mandala/household-threshold

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.48 (directional worship; dikpala-nyasa context)

Characters & Entities
A
Agni
Y
Yama
N
Nagas
R
Rakshasas

FAQs

This verse shows that rites are performed with direction-specific invocations—Agni, Yama/Nāgas, and protective powers—so the ritual space is sanctified and guarded according to dharmic procedure.

The south is traditionally associated with Yama’s domain; invoking Yama there aligns the rite with the cosmic order governing death, judgment, and the soul’s onward journey.

When performing śrāddha, antyeṣṭi-related prayers, or protective pūjā, follow a disciplined, orderly method—honor appropriate deities and keep the ritual space focused, reverent, and protected from disruptive influences.

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