Shloka 30

Sṛṣṭi–Pratisṛṣṭi: Viṣṇu as Kāla and the Ninefold Creation Schema

Devanagari script

गायन्तो जज्ञिरे वाचं गन्धर्वाप्सरसश्च ये / स्वर्गं द्यौर्वक्षसश्चक्रे सुखतो ऽजाः स मुष्टवान्

Transliteration

gāyanto jajñire vācaṃ gandharvāpsarasaśca ye / svargaṃ dyaurvakṣasaścakre sukhato 'jāḥ sa muṣṭavān

Translation

کائناتی آواز سے گانے والے—گندھرو اور اپسرائیں—پیدا ہوئیں۔ اس کے سینے سے سَورگ کی تخلیق ہوئی؛ اور اس کے منہ سے اَجا (بکریاں) نکلیں—وہی سب کا مالک پروردگار۔

Word by Word

• गायन्तः: singing
• गायन्तः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गै (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त (present active participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• जज्ञिरे: were born
• जज्ञिरे: Kriyā (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जन् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन, आत्मनेपद

• वाचम्: speech/voice
• वाचम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाच् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• गन्धर्वाप्सरसः: Gandharvas and Apsarases
• गन्धर्वाप्सरसः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गन्धर्व + अप्सरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; समासः द्वन्द्वः (गन्धर्वाश्च अप्सरसश्च)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय

• ये: who/which
• ये: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• स्वर्गम्: heaven
• स्वर्गम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• द्यौः: the sky
• द्यौः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्यौ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• वक्षसः: from the chest
• वक्षसः: Apadana (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वक्षस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन (अपादान)

• चक्रे: made/created
• चक्रे: Kriyā (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद

• सुखतः: easily/pleasantly
• सुखतः: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सुखतः (अव्यय; सुख+तस्)
• Form: तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (adverb: ‘from/according to pleasure’, ‘easily’)

• अजाः: goats
• अजाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• मुष्टवान्: having a fist/handful (fistful)
• मुष्टवान्: Predicate (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मुष्टि + वत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; वत्-प्रत्ययान्त विशेषण (possessive)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Creation proceeds from śabda/vāk (cosmic speech) and from the divine body as symbolic loci; sound is a primary principle of manifestation.

Vedantic Theme: Śabda-brahman as a doorway to para-brahman; nāda/śruti as structuring reality (a puranic articulation of a Vedic intuition).

Application: Use mantra, kīrtana, and disciplined speech to align mind with cosmic order; treat music as sāttvic uplift rather than mere entertainment.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: celestial realm

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana sections praising nāma-saṅkīrtana and the sanctity of Vāk (general thematic parallel)

Characters & Entities

• Gandharvas
• Apsarases
• Svarga

FAQs

What is the importance of Vāc (cosmic speech) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse presents Vāc as a creative principle—through divine speech arise celestial arts and joy, symbolized by Gandharvas and Apsarases.

How does this verse explain the structure of the cosmos?

It uses the ‘cosmic body’ model: heaven (svarga/dyauḥ) is described as formed from the Lord’s chest, indicating an ordered, sacred origin of realms and beings.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Treat speech as sacred: truthful, harmonious words cultivate upliftment—mirroring how ‘right speech’ is portrayed as a source of higher, refined qualities.