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Shloka 12

Nāma-mahātmya: Liberation through Salutation, Chanting, and the Mantra “Namo Nārāyaṇāya”

Devanagari script

अवशेनापि यन्नाम्नि कीर्तिते सर्वपातकैः / पुमान् विमुच्यते सद्यः सिंहत्रस्तो मृगा यथा / बद्धः परिकरस्तेन मोक्षाय गमनं प्रति

Transliteration

avaśenāpi yannāmni kīrtite sarvapātakaiḥ / pumān vimucyate sadyaḥ siṃhatrasto mṛgā yathā / baddhaḥ parikarastena mokṣāya gamanaṃ prati

Translation

اگر بےاختیار بھی وہ نام لیا جائے تو انسان فوراً تمام گناہوں سے چھوٹ جاتا ہے—جیسے شیر کے خوف سے جانور بھاگ جاتے ہیں۔ اسی الٰہی نام کو اپنا سہارا و سازِ راہ باندھ کر وہ موکش کی راہ پر روانہ ہوتا ہے۔

Word by Word
अवशेनinvoluntarily
अवशेन:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootअवश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; अर्थः: 'by compulsion/helplessly'
अपिeven
अपि:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअप्यर्थक-अव्यय (even)
यत्which
यत्:
Sambandha (Relative/सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; सम्बन्धक (relative) — 'which'
नाम्निin the name (i.e., when the name is)
नाम्नि:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootनामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
कीर्तितेis uttered/praised
कीर्तिते:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकीर्तित (कृदन्त; √कीर्त्/√कीर् धातु)
Formलट् (Present) कर्मणि-प्रयोग (Passive), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; अर्थः: 'is uttered/praised'
सर्वपातकैःby all sins (i.e., despite all sins)
सर्वपातकैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व + पातक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; कर्मधारय: 'सर्वाणि पातकानि' (all sins)
पुमान्a man
पुमान्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपुमांस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
विमुच्यतेis freed
विमुच्यते:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√मुच् (धातु) + वि (उपसर्ग)
Formलट् (Present) कर्मणि-प्रयोग (Passive), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; अर्थः: 'is released'
सद्यःimmediately
सद्यः:
Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसद्यः (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time: 'immediately')
सिंहत्रस्तःfrightened by a lion
सिंहत्रस्तः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसिंह + त्रस्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: 'सिंहेन त्रस्तः' (frightened by a lion)
मृगःa deer
मृगः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमृग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
यथाas
यथा:
Sambandha (Comparator/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
Formउपमानार्थक-अव्यय (comparative: 'as/like')
बद्धःbound
बद्धः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootबद्ध (कृदन्त; √बन्ध् धातु)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त — 'bound'
परिकरःbondage/encumbrance
परिकरः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपरिकर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; अर्थः: 'equipment/retinue; here: bondage/encumbrance'
तेनby that
तेन:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; संदर्भः: 'by that (name/act)'
मोक्षायfor liberation
मोक्षाय:
Sampradana (Purpose/सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootमोक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन
गमनम्going
गमनम्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootगमन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; क्रियानाम (verbal noun)
प्रतिtowards
प्रति:
Sambandha (Direction/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति (अव्यय)
Formउपसर्गसदृश-अव्यय/पूर्वसर्ग (preposition-like indeclinable: 'towards')
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Nāma-mahātmyam: even inadvertent utterance of the divine Name destroys pāpa; taking the Name as one’s ‘parikara’ (equipment/support) propels one toward mokṣa.

Vedantic Theme: Grace (anugraha) mediated through nāma; pāpa-kṣaya as removal of obstacles; bhakti as direct means leading to liberation.

Application: Keep the Name close—audibly or mentally—especially in stress or at life’s end; treat nāma as your constant ‘kit’: remembrance, restraint, and return.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: nāma as protector in death-transition and remover of sins (thematic)

Characters & Entities
V
Vishnu
G
Garuda
M
Moksha

FAQs

This verse states that uttering the Divine Name—even unintentionally—destroys the burden of sins and becomes a decisive support that turns the soul toward moksha.

It presents remembrance/utterance of the Divine Name as an immediate purifier that reorients one’s journey away from the consequences of sin and toward liberation.

Cultivate regular nāma-japa or nāma-kīrtana so that remembrance of the Divine becomes natural, especially in stressful moments and at life’s end.

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