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Shloka 24

Prāyaścitta for Food-Contact, Social Contact, Aśauca Periods, and Formal Penance Systems

Devanagari script

उदके चोदकस्थं तु स्थलेषु स्थलजं शुचि / पादौ स्थाप्यौ च तत्रैव आचान्तः शुचितामियात्

Transliteration

udake codakasthaṃ tu sthaleṣu sthalajaṃ śuci / pādau sthāpyau ca tatraiva ācāntaḥ śucitāmiyāt

Translation

پانی میں ہو تو پاکیزگی پانی ہی میں موجود چیز سے قائم رہتی ہے؛ اور خشکی پر ہو تو زمین پر موجود چیز سے۔ وہیں پاؤں درست رکھ کر، پھر آچمن کر کے آدمی طہارت حاصل کرے۔

Word by Word
उदकेin water
उदके:
Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootउदक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/locative), एकवचन
चand
च:
Samuccaya (Connector/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (समुच्चय)
उदकस्थम्situated in water
उदकस्थम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootउदक (प्रातिपदिक) + स्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण
तुbut; indeed
तु:
Sambandha-bodhaka (Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (विरोध/अवधारण particle)
स्थलेषुon dry ground/places
स्थलेषु:
Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootस्थल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/locative), बहुवचन
स्थलजम्born on land; land-produced
स्थलजम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्थल (प्रातिपदिक) + ज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण
शुचिpure
शुचि:
Viśeṣaṇa (Predicate/qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootशुचि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण
पादौtwo feet
पादौ:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootपाद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), द्विवचन
स्थाप्यौto be placed
स्थाप्यौ:
Karma (Object to be acted upon/कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्था (धातु) + य (ण्यत्/कृदन्त)
Formकृदन्त (ण्यत्/gerundive—"to be placed"); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, द्विवचन; पादौ इति विशेष्येण सह
चand
च:
Samuccaya (Connector/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (समुच्चय)
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Deśa-adhikaraṇa (Locative adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (देशवाचक/adverb of place)
एवindeed; just
एव:
Avadhāraṇa (Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (अवधारण/emphasis particle)
आचान्तःhaving sipped (water); having performed ācamana
आचान्तः:
Karta (Agent/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootआ + चम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formकृदन्त (क्त-प्रत्यय, past participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
शुचिताम्purity
शुचिताम्:
Karma (Object/goal/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootशुचिता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/accusative), एकवचन
इयात्should attain
इयात्:
Kriyā (Main verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Purity is maintained by appropriate means available in the immediate environment; ācamana seals cleanliness.

Vedantic Theme: Karma-kāṇḍa discipline as preparation (adhikāritva) for higher pursuits; orderliness of conduct supports sattva.

Application: If in water, use water-based means; if on land, use earth/ground-based means as appropriate; place feet properly and perform ācamana to restore ritual cleanliness.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: waterbody/ground (generic)

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.222.23-27 (śauca and purification procedures)

Characters & Entities
V
Vishnu
G
Garuda

FAQs

This verse links purity to context (water vs. land) and prescribes ācamana as the decisive act that completes cleanliness before religious acts.

Indirectly: Garuda Purana emphasizes correct dharmic conduct and ritual readiness; maintaining śauca supports the proper performance of rites that aid the departed and uphold cosmic order.

Before prayer, śrāddha-related observances, or temple worship, follow situational cleanliness and perform ācamana mindfully to enter the act with physical and mental purity.

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