Shloka 80

Oṣadhi-nāma-nirdeśa: Paryāya (Synonyms) of Herbs, Minerals, and Classical Measures

Devanagari script

करञ्जौ नक्तमालः स्यात्पूतिकश्चिरबिल्वकः / शिग्रुः शोभाञ्जनो नाम ज्ञानमानश्च कीर्तितः

Transliteration

karañjau naktamālaḥ syātpūtikaścirabilvakaḥ / śigruḥ śobhāñjano nāma jñānamānaśca kīrtitaḥ

Translation

‘کرنج’ کو ‘نکت مال’ بھی کہتے ہیں؛ اور ‘پوتِک’ کو ‘چِر بِلْوَک’ کہا جاتا ہے۔ ‘شِگرو’ ‘شوبھانجن’ کے نام سے معروف ہے، اور ‘گیان مان’ کے طور پر بھی کیرتیت ہے۔

Word by Word

• करञ्जौ: karañja (two forms/varieties; or dual mention)
• करञ्जौ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: करञ्ज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), द्विवचन

• नक्तमालः: naktamāla (a tree; Pongamia)
• नक्तमालः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नक्त + माल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्मधारय (नक्तः मालः/नक्तमालः)

• स्यात्: would be; is said to be
• स्यात्: Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• पूतिकः: pūtika (name)
• पूतिकः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पूतिक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• चिरबिल्वकः: cirabilvaka (long-lived bilva; name)
• चिरबिल्वकः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चिर + बिल्वक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्मधारय (चिरः बिल्वकः)

• शिग्रुः: śigru (moringa)
• शिग्रुः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिग्रु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• शोभाञ्जनः: śobhāñjana (name; moringa variety)
• शोभाञ्जनः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शोभा + अञ्जन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (शोभायाः अञ्जनः)

• नाम: by name; indeed
• नाम: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नाम (अव्यय)
• Form: नाम-शब्दः (particle indicating naming/indeed)

• ज्ञानमानः: jñānamāna (name)
• ज्ञानमानः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्ञान + मान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (ज्ञानस्य मानः)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• कीर्तितः: is proclaimed/mentioned
• कीर्तितः: Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कीर्त् (धातु) → कीर्तित (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोग-भावः

Speaker

Lord Viṣṇu (in discourse to Garuḍa/Vinatā-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Synonym knowledge preserves continuity of tradition across dialects and time; praise indicates recognized efficacy.

Vedantic Theme: Śabda as a carrier of tradition (āgama) in practical disciplines; correct understanding supports right action.

Application: Map karañja↔naktamāla; pūtika↔cirabilvaka; śigru↔śobhāñjana (and here ‘jñānamāna’). Use when reading regional formularies.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.204 dravya-paryāya sequence

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of listing plant synonyms in the Garuda Purana?

This verse preserves authoritative alternate names for key trees, helping readers correctly identify plants used in dharmic observances, offerings, and traditional knowledge systems.

How does this verse relate to Garuda Purana teachings beyond afterlife topics?

Kanda 1 often addresses conduct and practical dharma; here it supports accurate identification of sacred/utility plants by giving their recognized Sanskrit synonyms.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use these synonym mappings when reading ritual manuals or Ayurvedic references so the intended plant is correctly understood (e.g., Śigru = Śobhāñjana).