Shloka 61

Oṣadhi-nāma-nirdeśa: Paryāya (Synonyms) of Herbs, Minerals, and Classical Measures

Devanagari script

क्षारो यवाग्रजश्चैव यवक्षारो ऽभिधीयते / सर्जिका सर्जिकाक्षारो द्वितीयः परिकीर्तितः

Transliteration

kṣāro yavāgrajaścaiva yavakṣāro 'bhidhīyate / sarjikā sarjikākṣāro dvitīyaḥ parikīrtitaḥ

Translation

جو کے دانوں سے پیدا ہونے والا کھار ‘یَوَکشَار’ کہلاتا ہے۔ دوسرا قسم ‘سَرجِکا’ ہے، جسے ‘سَرجِکاکشَار’ بھی کہا گیا ہے۔

Word by Word

• क्षारः: alkali; kṣāra
• क्षारः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• यवाग्रजः: yavāgraja (name)
• यवाग्रजः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यवाग्रज (प्रातिपदिक) = यव + अग्रज
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (यवस्य अग्रजः/यव-सम्बद्धः)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक

• एव: indeed/also
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारणार्थक

• यवक्षारः: barley-alkali; yavakṣāra
• यवक्षारः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यवक्षार (प्रातिपदिक) = यव + क्षार
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (यवस्य क्षारः)

• अभिधीयते: is called
• अभिधीयते: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि + धा (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि/भावे प्रयोगः—‘is called’

• सर्जिका: sarjikā (name)
• सर्जिका: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्जिका (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सर्जिकाक्षारः: sarjikā-alkali; sarjikākṣāra
• सर्जिकाक्षारः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्जिकाक्षार (प्रातिपदिक) = सर्जिका + क्षार
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (सर्जिकायाः क्षारः)

• द्वितीयः: the second
• द्वितीयः: Visheshana (Adjective/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्वितीय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (क्षारः/प्रकारः)

• परिकीर्तितः: is proclaimed/mentioned
• परिकीर्तितः: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि + कीर्त् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त/PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘is proclaimed/mentioned’

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in discourse to Garuda/Vinatā-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Classification of kṣāra (alkalis) by source and name: yavakṣāra and sarjikākṣāra.

Vedantic Theme: Right knowledge as the basis of right practice; naming reflects underlying causal source (upādāna).

Application: When a text prescribes kṣāra, confirm whether barley-derived alkali (yavakṣāra) or sarjikā-alkali is intended to match strength and effect.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.204.57–60 (synonyms and identifications leading into kṣāra classification)

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of kṣāra (alkali) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse classifies types of kṣāra used/recognized in dharmic practice, helping identify correct ritual or purificatory substances by name.

How does this verse relate to Garuda Purana teachings on dharma or ritual conduct?

It functions as a technical definition: it names barley-derived alkali (yavakṣāra) and a second alkali (sarjikā), supporting precise observance where specific materials are prescribed.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

When consulting ritual manuals or traditional preparations, use these identifications to avoid substitution errors—yavakṣāra is barley-alkali, while sarjikā/sarjikākṣāra is a distinct alkaline salt.