Shloka 56

Oṣadhi-nāma-nirdeśa: Paryāya (Synonyms) of Herbs, Minerals, and Classical Measures

Devanagari script

प्रोक्तस्त्वेडगजस्तज्ज्ञैश्चक्रमर्दकसंज्ञखः / सुरङ्गीतगरः स्नायुः कलनाशा तु वायसी

Transliteration

proktastveḍagajastajjñaiścakramardakasaṃjñakhaḥ / suraṅgītagaraḥ snāyuḥ kalanāśā tu vāyasī

Translation

اہلِ علم اسے ‘ایڈگج’ کہتے ہیں، اور یہی ‘چکرمردک’ کے نام سے بھی معروف ہے۔ مزید یہ کہ—‘سُرنگی’ ہی ‘تگر’ ہے؛ ‘سْنایُو’ کو ‘گَر’ کہا جاتا ہے؛ اور ‘کلناشا’ کو ‘وایسی’ کہا جاتا ہے۔

Word by Word

• प्रोक्तः: is proclaimed
• प्रोक्तः: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र√वच् (धातु) + त (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मणि (said/proclaimed)

• तु: indeed/but
• तु: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/विशेषबोधक-अव्यय (particle: but/indeed)

• एडगजः: eḍagaja (plant name)
• एडगजः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एड (प्रातिपदिक) + गज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (एडस्य गजः)

• तज्ज्ञैः: by the experts/knowers
• तज्ज्ञैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + ज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (तत् जानन्ति ये = तज्ज्ञाः)

• चक्रमर्दकसंज्ञकः: having the name ‘cakramardaka’
• चक्रमर्दकसंज्ञकः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चक्रमर्दक (प्रातिपदिक) + संज्ञक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (चक्रमर्दक इति संज्ञा यस्य)

• सुरङ्गी: suraṅgī (plant name)
• सुरङ्गी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुरङ्गी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• तगरः: tagara (valerian; plant)
• तगरः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तगर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• स्नायुः: snāyu (sinew; also plant name)
• स्नायुः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्नायु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• कलनाशा: kalanāśā (plant name)
• कलनाशा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कलनाशा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• तु: and/but
• तु: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/विशेषबोधक-अव्यय (particle)

• वायसी: vāyasī (plant name)
• वायसी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वायसी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Deference to expert knowledge and precise terminology in applied sciences.

Vedantic Theme: Śraddhā in śāstra and guru-paramparā for reliable worldly knowledge; supports dharmic action.

Application: Use expert-validated synonym equivalences (eḍagaja/cakramardaka; suraṅgī/tagara; snāyu/gara; kalanāśā/vāyasī) when sourcing and compounding medicines.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.204 (expert-attributed synonym chains)

Characters & Entities

• Lord Vishnu
• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of listing plant-synonyms in the Garuda Purana?

This verse preserves technical synonymy used by experts, helping practitioners correctly identify substances across regional or textual name-variants.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

It does not address the soul’s journey; instead, it functions as a specialized glossary-style statement of names, typical of sections dealing with practical or technical knowledge.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use it as a cross-reference when matching Sanskrit materia medica names (e.g., Eḍagaja/Cakramardaka; Suraṅgī/Tagara) to avoid confusion in study, cataloging, or traditional practice.