Shloka 47

Oṣadhi-nāma-nirdeśa: Paryāya (Synonyms) of Herbs, Minerals, and Classical Measures

Devanagari script

विद्या कुन्ती निकुम्भा च त्रिभङ्गी त्रिपुटी त्रिवृत् / सप्तला यवतिक्ता च चर्मा चर्मकसेति च

Transliteration

vidyā kuntī nikumbhā ca tribhaṅgī tripuṭī trivṛt / saptalā yavatiktā ca carmā carmakaseti ca

Translation

(یہ) وِدیا، کُنتی، نِکُمبھا، تِربھنگی، تِرپُٹی، تِروِرت، سَپتلا، یَوَتِکتّا، چَرمَا اور چَرمَکَسا—انہی ناموں سے بھی معروف ہیں۔

Word by Word

• विद्या: Vidyā (a plant-name/epithet)
• विद्या: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विद्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• कुन्ती: Kuntī (plant-name)
• कुन्ती: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुन्ती (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• निकुम्भा: Nikumbhā (plant-name)
• निकुम्भा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: निकुम्भा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• त्रिभङ्गी: Tribhaṅgī (three-bent; plant-name)
• त्रिभङ्गी: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + भङ्गी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (त्रयाणां भङ्गीनाम्/three-bent)

• त्रिपुटी: Tripuṭī (plant-name)
• त्रिपुटी: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + पुटी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (three-fold/three-pouched)

• त्रिवृत्: Trivṛt (a medicinal plant)
• त्रिवृत्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + वृत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (three-turned/three-coiled)

• सप्तला: Saptalā (plant-name)
• सप्तला: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सप्त (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + ला/ल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; द्विगु-समास (seven-...)

• यवतिक्ता: Yavatiktā (plant-name)
• यवतिक्ता: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: यव (प्रातिपदिक) + तिक्ता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष (yava-like bitter)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• चर्मा: Carmā (plant-name)
• चर्मा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: चर्मा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• चर्मकसा: Carmakasā (plant-name)
• चर्मकसा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: चर्म (प्रातिपदिक) + कसा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (skin-like/related to skin)

• इति: thus; called
• इति: Sambandha
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरण/समाप्तिबोधक अव्यय (quotative particle)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Preservation and transmission of practical knowledge (vidyā) through accurate naming and classification of substances.

Vedantic Theme: Loka-saṅgraha (maintenance of worldly order) through right knowledge; śāstra as pramāṇa for applied life.

Application: Use these as recognized synonyms/varieties when identifying herbs in formulations; avoid misidentification by learning the name-list.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.204 (surrounding verses continuing the dravya/auṣadhi-nāma enumeration)

Characters & Entities

• Lord Vishnu
• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of listing herbs like Trivṛt in the Garuda Purana?

This verse preserves authoritative Sanskrit names of medicinal plants, supporting traditional healing and purification practices referenced in Purāṇic ritual and dharma contexts.

How does this verse connect to Garuda Purana teachings on death rituals or afterlife?

Indirectly: such catalogues supply the traditional vocabulary for substances used in rites and bodily purification, which the Garuda Purana often treats as supportive to dharmic living and proper observances.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use it as a verified Sanskrit index for identifying classical herb names (e.g., Trivṛt) when studying Ayurveda, ritual manuals, or Garuda Purana commentaries—preferably with expert botanical correlation.