Shloka 5

Vāta-vyādhi Nidāna and Lakṣaṇa: Obstruction, Dhātu-Seating, and Major Neuromuscular Entities

Devanagari script

प्रत्येकं पञ्चधा वीरो व्यापारश्चेह वैकृतः / तस्योच्यते विभागेन सनिदानं सलक्षणम्

Transliteration

pratyekaṃ pañcadhā vīro vyāpāraśceha vaikṛtaḥ / tasyocyate vibhāgena sanidānaṃ salakṣaṇam

Translation

اے بہادر! یہاں ویکرت (بگڑا ہوا) عمل ہر صورت میں پانچ طرح کا ہوتا ہے۔ اس لیے اسے تقسیم کے ساتھ، اسباب (نِدان) اور علامات (لکشَن) سمیت بیان کیا جاتا ہے۔

Word by Word

• pratyekam: individually; each
• pratyekam: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: prati (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + eka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• pañcadhā: in five ways
• pañcadhā: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: pañca (प्रातिपदिक) + dhā (अव्यय-प्रत्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; संख्यावाचक-विभागार्थक (distributive adverb: 'in five ways')

• vīraḥ: the hero; O brave one
• vīraḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vīra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• vyāpāraḥ: activity; operation
• vyāpāraḥ: Karta/Pradhāna (Subject/topic)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vyāpāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• iha: here; in this context
• iha: Deśa (Place adjunct)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iha (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक (locative adverb)

• vaikṛtaḥ: modified; abnormal
• vaikṛtaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vaikṛta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying vyāpāraḥ)

• tasya: of that; its
• tasya: Sambandha (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• ucyate: is stated; is described
• ucyate: Kriyā (Action/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive: 'is said')

• vibhāgena: by division; separately
• vibhāgena: Karaṇa (Instrument/means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vibhāga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• sa: with
• sa: Sahārtha (Accompaniment marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sa- (सह/सम् अर्थे उपसर्गवत्)
• Form: अव्यय; सहार्थक उपपद (prefix-like: 'with')

• nidānam: cause; etiology
• nidānam: Karma/Predicate complement
• Type: Noun
• Root: nidāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया/प्रथमा, एकवचन; (sa-nidāna) उपपद-समास/कर्मधारयार्थे: 'with cause'

• sa: with
• sa: Sahārtha (Accompaniment marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sa- (सह अर्थे)
• Form: अव्यय; सहार्थक उपपद

• lakṣaṇam: symptom; characteristic mark
• lakṣaṇam: Karma/Predicate complement
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया/प्रथमा, एकवचन; (sa-lakṣaṇa) उपपद-समास/कर्मधारयार्थे: 'with symptoms/characteristics'

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (addressing Garuda as vīra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Vaikṛta-vyāpāra (pathological/induced functional activity) is fivefold; it must be understood divisionally along with nidāna (causes) and lakṣaṇa (signs).

Vedantic Theme: Right knowledge as a means to right action (jñāna → karma); clarity through enumeration reduces confusion (moha).

Application: Use checklists: for each pathological pattern, record its category, causes, and defining signs; train clinicians to think in structured differentials.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Geographic Context

Type: instructional enumeration

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.166.4 (prākṛta/vaikṛta distinction; doṣa-bheda); Garuda Purana 1.167 (likely continuation detailing the fivefold divisions and their nidāna/lakṣaṇa)

Characters & Entities

• Karma
• Doṣa categories

FAQs

What is meant by the “fivefold” division of vaikṛta activity in the Garuda Purana?

The verse signals that deliberately shaped actions (vaikṛta) are analyzed into five types, each defined by its causes (nidāna) and identifying features (lakṣaṇa).

How does listing nidāna (causes) and lakṣaṇa (signs) help spiritual practice?

It turns moral teaching into diagnosis: by knowing causes and signs, one can recognize a doṣa early and apply restraint and corrective discipline.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

When a harmful habit appears, identify its trigger (nidāna) and its telltale pattern (lakṣaṇa), then replace it with a dharmic routine before it hardens into karma.