Shloka 1

Vāta-vyādhi Nidāna and Lakṣaṇa: Obstruction, Dhātu-Seating, and Major Neuromuscular Entities

Devanagari script

पञ्चषष्ठ्यधिकशततमो ऽध्यायः धन्वन्तरिरुवाच / वातव्याधिनिदानं ते वक्ष्ये सुश्रुत तच्छृणु / सर्वथानर्थकथने विघ्न एव च कारणम्

Transliteration

pañcaṣaṣṭhyadhikaśatatamo 'dhyāyaḥ dhanvantariruvāca / vātavyādhinidānaṃ te vakṣye suśruta tacchṛṇu / sarvathānarthakathane vighna eva ca kāraṇam

Translation

باب ایک سو چھیاسٹھ۔ دھنونتری نے فرمایا: اے سُشروت! میں تمہیں وات سے متعلق بیماریوں کے اسباب بتاتا ہوں، سنو۔ ہر حال میں ضرر رساں بے ترتیبیوں کا سبب دراصل رکاوٹ (اَورودھ) ہی بنتی ہے۔

Word by Word

• pañcaṣaṣṭhyadhikaśatatamaḥ: the one hundred and sixty-fifth (chapter)
• pañcaṣaṣṭhyadhikaśatatamaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pañca (प्रातिपदिक) + ṣaṣṭi (प्रातिपदिक) + adhika (प्रातिपदिक) + śata (प्रातिपदिक) + -tama (तद्धित-प्रत्यय)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; क्रमवाचक-विशेषण (ordinal adjective)

• adhyāyaḥ: chapter
• adhyāyaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: adhyāya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• dhanvantariḥ: Dhanvantari
• dhanvantariḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dhanvantari (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• uvāca: said
• uvāca: Kriyā (Action/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• vāta: wind; vāta (doṣa)
• vāta: Samāsa-aṅga (Compound member)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; समासाङ्ग (compound member)

• vyādhi: disease
• vyādhi: Samāsa-aṅga (Compound member)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vyādhi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; समासाङ्ग (compound member)

• nidānam: cause (etiology)
• nidānam: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nidāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; (vāta-vyādhi-nidāna) षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः/सम्बन्ध-तत्पुरुषः

• te: to you
• te: Sampradāna (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, चतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन

• vakṣye: I will explain
• vakṣye: Kriyā (Action/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• suśruta: O Suśruta
• suśruta: Sambodhana (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: suśruta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन

• tat: that
• tat: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• śṛṇu: listen
• śṛṇu: Kriyā (Action/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: śru (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• sarvathā: in every way; entirely
• sarvathā: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sarvathā (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• anartha: harm; misfortune
• anartha: Samāsa-aṅga (Compound member)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anartha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; समासाङ्ग (compound member)

• kathane: in the narration of harm
• kathane: Adhikaraṇa (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kathana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; (anartha-kathana) षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः

• vighnaḥ: obstacle
• vighnaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vighna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• eva: indeed; only
• eva: Sambandha/Emphasis (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (emphatic particle)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• kāraṇam: cause
• kāraṇam: Pradhāna-predicative (Predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kāraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

Speaker

Dhanvantari

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Vata

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Vyādhi-nidāna: obstruction (āvaraṇa/rodha) as a primary causal mechanism for vāta-doṣa disorders and resultant anartha (harmful dysfunction).

Vedantic Theme: Kārya-kāraṇa-viveka (discerning cause and effect) applied to embodied life; order vs. disorder as dependent on conditions.

Application: Attend to early signs of obstruction (diet, lifestyle, channels), remove impediments, and cultivate disciplined listening/learning before treatment.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: dialogue-setting

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.165-1.167 (Ayurveda/roga-nidāna continuum; doṣa-vicāra and lakṣaṇa)

Characters & Entities

• Dhanvantari
• Sushruta

FAQs

What is the importance of ‘nidāna’ (causation) in the Garuda Purana medical teaching?

The verse introduces a systematic approach: knowing causes (nidāna) is primary for preventing and correcting Vāta disorders.

How does this verse explain disease formation?

It highlights ‘vighna’ (obstruction/impediment) as a central trigger that turns normal function into harmful, disordered manifestation.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Focus on removing causes of blockage—irregular routine, dehydration, incompatible foods, sedentary habits—since obstruction is presented as a root driver of disorder.