Shloka 5

Visarpa Nidāna-Lakṣaṇa

Causes, Types, and Prognosis of Rapidly Spreading Eruptive Disorders

Devanagari script

तत्र वातात्स वीसर्पो वातज्वरसमव्यथः / शोथस्फुरणनिस्तोदभेदायासार्तिहर्षवान्

Transliteration

tatra vātātsa vīsarpo vātajvarasamavyathaḥ / śothasphuraṇanistodabhedāyāsārtiharṣavān

Translation

وہاں وات سے پیدا ہونے والا وِسَرپ وات جَور جیسی تکلیف رکھتا ہے؛ اس میں سوجن، دھڑکن، چبھن، پھاڑنے والی درد، تھکن، اذیت اور کبھی بے چینی کبھی سرشاری کے دورے ہوتے ہیں۔

Word by Word

• तत्र: there; in that context
• तत्र: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक-अव्यय (locative adverb)

• वातात्: from vāta (wind-doṣa)
• वातात्: Apadana (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/अपादान), एकवचन

• सः: he/that (disease)
• सः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन

• वीसर्पः: visarpa (spreading skin disease)
• वीसर्पः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीसर्प (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• वातज्वरसमव्यथः: having pain similar to vāta-fever
• वातज्वरसमव्यथः: Visheshana (Adjectival/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वातज्वर + सम + व्यथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (to वीसर्पः); समासः—तत्पुरुष (वातज्वर-समान-व्यथः)

• शोथ: swelling
• शोथ: Sambandha (Compound-member relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शोथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचन (stem in compound)

• स्फुरण: throbbing/twitching
• स्फुरण: Sambandha (Compound-member relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्फुरण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचन (stem in compound)

• निस्तोद: pricking pain
• निस्तोद: Sambandha (Compound-member relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निस्तोद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचन (stem in compound)

• भेद: splitting pain
• भेद: Sambandha (Compound-member relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भेद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचन (stem in compound)

• आयास: fatigue/exertion
• आयास: Sambandha (Compound-member relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आयास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचन (stem in compound)

• आर्ति: distress
• आर्ति: Sambandha (Compound-member relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आर्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचन (stem in compound)

• हर्षवान्: endowed with (swelling, throbbing, pricking, splitting pain, fatigue, distress, and tingling/irritation)
• हर्षवान्: Visheshana (Adjectival/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हर्षवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (to वीसर्पः); समासः—तत्पुरुष/बहुव्रीहि-प्राय (शोथ-स्फुरण-निस्तोद-भेद-आयास-आर्ति-हर्ष-वान् = endowed with these)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in discourse to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Vata

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Roga-vijñāna through doṣa-lakṣaṇa: vāta-type visarpa is inferred by its fever-like pain-pattern and specific sensations.

Vedantic Theme: Viveka (discriminative knowledge) applied to embodied experience; the body as a field of guṇas/doṣas to be rightly understood.

Application: Use symptom-clusters (śotha, sphuraṇa, nistoda, bheda, āyāsa) to identify vāta-dominant presentation before choosing therapy.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bibhatsa

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.163 (Ayurveda/roga-lakṣaṇa section on visarpa and doṣa-bheda)

Characters & Entities

• Vāta (doṣa)

FAQs

What is described as vātaja visarpa in the Garuda Purana?

It is a visarpa type caused by vāta, characterized by vāta-fever-like pain with swelling, throbbing, pricking and splitting pains, fatigue, and distress.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

It does not discuss the soul’s journey; it preserves practical Ayurvedic knowledge within a dharma text for sustaining life and duty.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Recognize vāta-pattern signs (sharp, shifting pains with fatigue) early and seek timely care; prioritize regular sleep, warmth, and steady routines to avoid vāta aggravation.