Shloka 16

Visarpa Nidāna-Lakṣaṇa

Causes, Types, and Prognosis of Rapidly Spreading Eruptive Disorders

Devanagari script

श्वासकासातिसारास्यशोषहिक्कावमिभ्रमैः / मोहवैवर्ण्यमूर्छाङ्गभङ्गग्निसदनैर्युताम् / इत्ययं ग्रन्थिवीसर्पः कफमारुतकोपजः

Transliteration

śvāsakāsātisārāsyaśoṣahikkāvamibhramaiḥ / mohavaivarṇyamūrchāṅgabhaṅgagnisadanairyutām / ityayaṃ granthivīsarpaḥ kaphamārutakopajaḥ

Translation

سانس پھولنا، کھانسی، اسہال، منہ کا خشک ہونا، ہچکی، قے اور چکر؛ نیز غشی، رنگت کا بدل جانا، بےہوشی، بدن ٹوٹنے جیسا درد اور ہاضم آگ (جٹھراگنی) کی کمزوری—ان علامتوں والا یہ عارضہ ‘گرنتھی-ویسرپ’ کہلاتا ہے، جو کَف اور وات کے بگڑنے سے پیدا ہوتا ہے۔

Word by Word

• श्वास-कास-अतिसार-आस्य-शोष-हिक्का-वमि-भ्रमैः: with dyspnea, cough, diarrhea, mouth-dryness, hiccup, vomiting and dizziness
• श्वास-कास-अतिसार-आस्य-शोष-हिक्का-वमि-भ्रमैः: Hetu/Karaṇa (Cause/means; associative instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्वास (प्रातिपदिक) + कास (प्रातिपदिक) + अतिसार (प्रातिपदिक) + आस्य (प्रातिपदिक) + शोष (प्रातिपदिक) + हिक्का (प्रातिपदिक) + वमि (प्रातिपदिक) + भ्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण/सह), बहुवचन; समाहार-द्वन्द्व/इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (list of ailments)

• मोह-वैवर्ण्य-मूर्छा-अङ्ग-भङ्ग-अग्नि-सदनैः: with delusion, discoloration, fainting, body-ache/breaking, and loss of digestive fire
• मोह-वैवर्ण्य-मूर्छा-अङ्ग-भङ्ग-अग्नि-सदनैः: Hetu/Karaṇa (Cause/means; associative instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मोह (प्रातिपदिक) + वैवर्ण्य (प्रातिपदिक) + मूर्छा (प्रातिपदिक) + अङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक) + भङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक) + अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक) + सदन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (समाहारार्थ), तृतीया (करण/सह), बहुवचन; लक्षण-सूची (symptom list)

• युताम्: endowed/associated (with)
• युताम्: Karma (Object-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युत (कृदन्त; युज् धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘युक्ता’ (endowed/associated)

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (Discourse marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरण/समाप्ति-निपात (quotative particle)

• अयम्: this
• अयम्: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• ग्रन्थि-वीसर्पः: nodular erysipelas/spreading skin disease with glands
• ग्रन्थि-वीसर्पः: Karta (Subject complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ग्रन्थि (प्रातिपदिक) + वीसर्प (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (granthīnāṃ vīsarpaḥ)

• कफ-मारुत-कोप-जः: arising from aggravation of kapha and vāta
• कफ-मारुत-कोप-जः: Viśeṣaṇa (Predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कफ (प्रातिपदिक) + मारुत (प्रातिपदिक) + कोप (प्रातिपदिक) + ज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तृतीया/षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषार्थ ‘कफमारुतयोः कोपात् जातः’ (born from aggravation of kapha and vāta)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in discourse to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Vata

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Correct naming (saṃjñā) and causal diagnosis (doṣa-hetu) are prerequisites for effective response; ignorance of causes amplifies suffering.

Vedantic Theme: Viveka (discernment) applied to prakṛti’s guṇas/doṣas; knowledge as a means to reduce duḥkha in vyavahāra.

Application: Use symptom clusters to identify doṣa involvement (kapha-vāta) and recognize systemic danger signs (mūrcchā, agni-sadana) requiring immediate care.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: bibhatsa

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.163.15-19 (continuing vīsarpa/granthi symptomatology and doṣa-based differentiation)

Characters & Entities

• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of granthi-vīsarpa in the Garuda Purana?

This verse preserves a classical symptom-list for a kapha–vāta–origin spreading nodular disorder, showing the Garuda Purana’s role as a compendium that also transmits Ayurvedic nidāna (diagnostic) knowledge.

How does this verse explain the condition in doṣa terms?

It explicitly attributes granthi-vīsarpa to kapha and vāta aggravation (kaphamārutakopa-jaḥ), with hallmark signs like respiratory distress, digestive impairment (agni-sadana), and systemic weakness.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use it as a traditional symptom-check framework: when kapha–vāta features (congestion/heaviness with dryness, pain, weakness of digestion) dominate, seek qualified Ayurvedic assessment rather than treating signs in isolation.