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Shloka 20

Udara-roga Nidāna: Causes, Doṣa-Types, Spleen/Liver Enlargement, and Udakodara

Devanagari script

नीरातिवृद्धौ कठिनं शीतस्पर्शं गुरु स्थिरम् / त्रिदोषकोपने तैस्तैस्त्रिदोषजीनैतर्मलैः

Transliteration

nīrātivṛddhau kaṭhinaṃ śītasparśaṃ guru sthiram / tridoṣakopane taistaistridoṣajīnaitarmalaiḥ

Translation

جب عنصرِ آب حد سے زیادہ بڑھ جائے تو بدن سخت، لمس میں سرد، بھاری اور ساکن ہو جاتا ہے۔ اور جب تری دوش کُپِت ہوں تو اُن کے اپنے اپنے مَل و دُوشن سے جسم تری دوشج روگ اور دیگر فاسد فضلات کے ساتھ مبتلا ہو جاتا ہے۔

Word by Word
नीरwater
नीर:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootनीर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (neuter, nominative/accusative singular; compound-member)
अतिexcessively
अति:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअति (अव्यय)
Formउपसर्ग/अव्यय (prefix/adverbial intensifier)
वृद्धौin increase/augmentation
वृद्धौ:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootवृद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन (feminine, locative singular)
कठिनम्hard
कठिनम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootकठिन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (neuter, nominative/accusative singular)
शीतcold
शीत:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootशीत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (neuter; compound-member)
स्पर्शम्touch/feel
स्पर्शम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootस्पर्श (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (masculine, nominative/accusative singular)
गुरुheavy
गुरु:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootगुरु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (neuter, nominative/accusative singular)
स्थिरम्stable/immobile
स्थिरम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्थिर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (neuter, nominative/accusative singular)
त्रिthree
त्रि:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसंख्यावाचक (numeral; compound-member)
दोषdoṣa (humor)
दोष:
Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootदोष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रातिपदिक (compound-member)
कोपनेin the aggravation
कोपने:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootकोपन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन (neuter, locative singular); समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: त्रिदोषस्य कोपने (in aggravation of the three doṣas)
तैःby those
तैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, तृतीया, बहुवचन (instrumental plural)
तैःby those (various)
तैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, तृतीया, बहुवचन (instrumental plural; पुनरुक्ति for emphasis)
त्रिthree
त्रि:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसंख्यावाचक (numeral; compound-member)
दोषdoṣa
दोष:
Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootदोष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रातिपदिक (compound-member)
जीनcaused by
जीन:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootजीन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formविशेषण-प्रातिपदिक (compound-member; 'produced/caused')
इतरother
इतर:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootइतर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formविशेषण-प्रातिपदिक (compound-member)
मलैःby impurities/wastes
मलैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootमल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन (instrumental plural); समासः कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-समाहारः: त्रिदोषजीन-इतर-मलैः (by impurities caused by the three doṣas and other [impurities])
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (teaching Garuda/Vinatā-putra)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Kapha

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Maintaining bodily equilibrium (doṣa-sāmya) by recognizing signs of elemental/doṣic excess; disorder arises from impurity and imbalance.

Vedantic Theme: Deha as prakṛti-vikāra; discernment (viveka) between Self and bodily states supports steadiness.

Application: Notice kapha-like signs (heaviness, cold touch, immobility) and early tri-doṣa aggravation; adopt balancing diet, routine, and timely treatment rather than neglect.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.161 (Ayurveda/roga-nidāna section); Garuda Purana 1.160–1.162 (doṣa, dhātu, mala discussions—contextual)

Characters & Entities
V
Vishnu
G
Garuda
T
Tridosha

FAQs

It signals a heavy, cold, rigid state—indicating a fluid-dominant imbalance that helps identify the nature of the disorder and its management.

It does not describe Yama’s realm or preta states; instead, it frames embodied life as governed by doṣa and mala—knowledge that supports dharmic living through health and restraint.

If heaviness, coldness, rigidity, and sluggishness dominate, reduce aggravating habits (overeating, inactivity, cold/heavy foods) and seek doṣa-appropriate guidance.

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