Shloka 28

Nidāna of Mūtraghāta and Aśmarī: Doṣa-based Types, Signs, and Named Urinary Syndromes

Devanagari script

विधारणात्प्रतिहतं वातादावर्तितं यदा / नाभेरधस्तादुदरं मूत्रमापूरयेत्तदा

Transliteration

vidhāraṇātpratihataṃ vātādāvartitaṃ yadā / nābheradhastādudaraṃ mūtramāpūrayettadā

Translation

روکنے سے جب پیشاب رُک جاتا ہے اور بگڑا ہوا وات اسے پلٹا کر اوپر کی طرف موڑ دیتا ہے، تو ناف کے نیچے والا پیٹ کا حصہ پیشاب سے بھر جاتا ہے۔

Word by Word

• विधारणात्: from retention/holding back
• विधारणात्: Hetu (Cause/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वि + धारण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th), एकवचन; हेत्वर्थे (ablative of cause)

• प्रतिहतम्: obstructed
• प्रतिहतम्: Visheshana (Adjectival/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रति + हन् (धातु) → प्रतिहत (कृदन्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; कृदन्तः—क्त (struck/obstructed)

• वातात्: from vāta (wind)
• वातात्: Hetu (Cause/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th), एकवचन; हेत्वर्थे

• आवर्तितम्: turned back; made to whirl
• आवर्तितम्: Visheshana (Adjectival/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आ + वृत् (धातु) → आवर्तित (कृदन्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; कृदन्तः—क्त (turned/whirled)

• यदा: when
• यदा: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; कालवाचक-सम्बन्ध (when)

• नाभेः: of the navel
• नाभेः: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाभि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन

• अधस्तात्: below
• अधस्तात्: Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अधस्तात् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; देशवाचक (below)

• उदरम्: abdomen
• उदरम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उदर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• मूत्रम्: urine
• मूत्रम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• आपूरयेत्: would fill
• आपूरयेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + पूर् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• तदा: then
• तदा: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; तदानीं (then)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in discourse to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Vata

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Vāta can cause udāvarta-like reversal when natural urges are suppressed, leading to pathological upward movement and accumulation.

Vedantic Theme: Cause-and-effect (kārya-kāraṇa) within prakṛti: wrong action (retention) conditions bodily disorder; cultivate right conduct toward the body as an instrument.

Application: Avoid holding urine; if lower abdomen swells/feels full, treat as urgent urinary retention requiring immediate medical attention.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Geographic Context

Type: anatomical region

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.158.29 (effects: pain, bloating, weakness, stool retention)

Characters & Entities

• Vāta

FAQs

What is the importance of not suppressing natural urges in the Garuda Purana?

This verse warns that retaining urine can obstruct its normal flow and aggravate vāta, causing reversal and painful abdominal distension—so disciplined living includes timely release of natural urges.

How does this verse explain the mechanism of harm from urinary retention?

It describes obstruction (pratihata) caused by retention (vidhāraṇa) and a vāta-driven reversal (āvartita), leading to urine accumulating in the lower abdomen below the navel.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Avoid routinely “holding it in,” especially during travel or work; support healthy vāta through regular habits, hydration, and timely restroom breaks.