Shloka 19

Nidāna of Mūtraghāta and Aśmarī: Doṣa-based Types, Signs, and Named Urinary Syndromes

Devanagari script

पीडिते ज्वरकासे ऽस्मिन्नश्मर्येव च शर्करा / असौ वा वायुना भिन्ना सा त्वस्मिन्नमुलोमगे

Transliteration

pīḍite jvarakāse 'sminnaśmaryeva ca śarkarā / asau vā vāyunā bhinnā sā tvasminnamulomage

Translation

اس طرح جب بخار اور کھانسی سے آدمی پِیڑت ہو تو اشمری کی مانند شَرکرا (کنکر) بن جاتی ہے۔ یا وہی پتھری ہوا کے اثر سے ٹوٹ کر شَرکرا ہو جاتی ہے؛ یہ اس وقت ہوتا ہے جب ہوا انُلوم (نیچے کی طرف) چلتی ہے۔

Word by Word

• पीडिते: when afflicted
• पीडिते: Adhikarana (Condition/अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पीडित (कृदन्त; √पीड्)
• Form: सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त); ‘when afflicted’ (locative absolute sense with following)

• ज्वरकासे: in fever and cough
• ज्वरकासे: Adhikarana (Condition/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्वर (प्रातिपदिक) + कास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; द्वन्द्व (ज्वरश्च कासश्च)

• अस्मिन्: in this (case)
• अस्मिन्: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• अश्मरी: stone (calculus)
• अश्मरी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्मरी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारणार्थक

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक

• शर्करा: gravel/small stone
• शर्करा: Pratijna/Predicate nominal (विधेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर्करा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विधेय-सम्बन्ध (predicate noun)

• असौ: that (one)
• असौ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• वा: or
• वा: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विकल्पार्थक

• वायुना: by wind (vāta)
• वायुना: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वायु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• भिन्ना: split/broken
• भिन्ना: Visheshana (Predicate adjective/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भिद् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त)

• सा: she/that (stone)
• सा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• तु: but
• तु: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विरोध/विशेषार्थक

• अस्मिन्: in this
• अस्मिन्: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• अमुलोमगे: in (a state of) reverse movement/retrograde flow
• अमुलोमगे: Adhikarana (Qualifier of location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ (नञ्) + उलॊम (प्रातिपदिक) + ग (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक from √गम्; ‘going’)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष/उपपद ‘उलोमं गच्छति’ नञ्-पूर्वक = ‘against the natural direction’

Speaker

Lord Viṣṇu (in dialogue with Garuḍa)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Vata

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Systemic disturbance can manifest as related pathologies; vāyu can fragment a stone into gravel, and proper downward vāyu flow (anuloma) is physiologically significant.

Vedantic Theme: Interdependence within the embodied system; restoring order (ṛta-like regularity) reduces suffering.

Application: Address systemic illness (fever/cough) and vāta regulation; support normal downward movement (bowel/urine regularity) to reduce gravel/stone complications.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.158.15-18 (aśmarī types, śukrāśmarī cause and symptoms)

Characters & Entities

• Vāyu

FAQs

What is the importance of aśmarī and śarkarā in Garuda Purana?

This verse distinguishes between a solid urinary stone (aśmarī) and gravel-like deposits (śarkarā), explaining their formation through vāyu/vāta and the direction of its movement.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

It does not describe the soul’s journey; it belongs to the Garuda Purana’s practical, dharmic-Āyurvedic instruction section on bodily disorders and their causes.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

It highlights observing symptoms and causation (vital-air imbalance and obstruction) and encourages timely care for urinary discomfort rather than neglecting it.