Shloka 10

Harivaṁśa-saṅkṣepa: Kṛṣṇa’s Avatāra Deeds, Dynastic Continuity, and Post-departure Succession

Devanagari script

नरको निहतो येन पारिजातं जहार यः / बलश्च शिसुपालश्च हतश्च द्विविदः कपिः

Transliteration

narako nihato yena pārijātaṃ jahāra yaḥ / balaśca śisupālaśca hataśca dvividaḥ kapiḥ

Translation

جس کے ہاتھوں نرکاسُر مارا گیا، جو پاریجات کا درخت لے آیا؛ جس کے ذریعے بل اور شِشُپال ہلاک ہوئے، اور دْوِوِد بندر بھی—اسی پرم ہری کی ستوتی کی جاتی ہے۔

Word by Word

• नरकः: Naraka (the demon)
• नरकः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नरक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• निहतः: was slain
• निहतः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन् (धातु) + निहत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (Past Passive Participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोगे कर्तृ-विशेषण

• येन: by whom
• येन: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• पारिजातम्: the Pārijāta tree
• पारिजातम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पारिजात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• जहार: carried off
• जहार: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हृ (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• यः: who
• यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• बलः: Bala (Balarāma)
• बलः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• शिशुपालः: Śiśupāla
• शिशुपालः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिशुपाल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• हतः: was slain
• हतः: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन् (धातु) + हत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (Past Passive Participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• द्विविदः: Dvivida
• द्विविदः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विविद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• कपिः: the monkey
• कपिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कपि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; द्विविदस्य विशेषणम्

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue context with Garuda/Vinata-putra, praising the Lord’s deeds)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Smaraṇa of the Lord’s deeds (līlā-smṛti) as a mode of stuti that strengthens devotion and trust in divine protection.

Vedantic Theme: Īśvara as jagat-kāraṇa and dharma-saṃsthāpaka; the Supreme acting through avatāra for loka-saṅgraha.

Application: Use these epithets in daily nāma-smaraṇa/stotra; cultivate confidence that adharma is ultimately subdued by the Lord.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: vira

Secondary Rasa: raudra

Geographic Context

Type: mythic-cosmic locales

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.145.1 (earth’s burden removed through Kṛṣṇa’s agency—continuity of dharma-restoration theme)

Characters & Entities

• Naraka
• Parijata
• Bala
• Shishupala
• Dvivida

FAQs

What is the importance of praising Vishnu’s deeds in the Garuda Purana?

This verse functions as a devotional remembrance (stuti) of Vishnu’s dharma-protecting acts, reinforcing bhakti and trust in divine protection.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Indirectly: by highlighting Vishnu’s supremacy and protection, it supports the Garuda Purana’s broader teaching that devotion and dharma-oriented life lead toward auspicious post-death outcomes.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use the verse for daily remembrance of dharma—cultivating humility, devotion, and ethical conduct by reflecting on the Lord’s role in removing adharma.