Shloka 49

Dynasties of Kings: From Manu to Ikṣvāku, Śrī Rāma, and Janaka

Sūryavaṁśa Genealogy

Devanagari script

हर्यश्वात्तु मरुर्जातो मरोः प्रतीन्धको ऽभवत् / प्रतीन्धकात्कृतिरथो देवमीढस्तदात्मजः

Transliteration

haryaśvāttu marurjāto maroḥ pratīndhako 'bhavat / pratīndhakātkṛtiratho devamīḍhastadātmajaḥ

Translation

ہریشْو سے مرو پیدا ہوا؛ مرو سے پرتیندھک ہوا۔ پرتیندھک سے کرتیرتھ پیدا ہوا، اور اس کا بیٹا دیومِیڑھ تھا۔

Word by Word

• हर्यश्वात्: from Haryaśva
• हर्यश्वात्: Apadana (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हर्यश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; अपादान (source)

• तु: indeed/and
• तु: Sambandha (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), विरोध/अनुवादार्थक

• मरुः: Maru
• मरुः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मरु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्तृपद

• जातः: was born
• जातः: Kriya (Predicate participle/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: जन् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि/भूतकालिक कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘जन्’ धातोः

• मरोः: of Maru
• मरोः: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मरु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; सम्बन्ध (of)

• प्रतीन्धकः: Pratīndhaka
• प्रतीन्धकः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रतीन्धक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तृपद

• अभवत्: became/was
• अभवत्: Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• प्रतीन्धकात्: from Pratīndhaka
• प्रतीन्धकात्: Apadana (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रतीन्धक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन; अपादान

• कृतिरथः: Kṛtiratha
• कृतिरथः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृति (प्रातिपदिक) + रथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी/कर्मधारय-प्रायः नामसमास), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तृपद

• देवमीढः: Devamīḍha
• देवमीढः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक) + मीढ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (देव-मीढ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तृपद

• तदात्मजः: his son
• तदात्मजः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + आत्मज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (तस्य आत्मजः), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणरूपेण कर्तृपदस्य

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Vaṁśa-smṛti (remembering lineage) as a vehicle for itihāsa-purāṇa memory and dharmic legitimacy of kings.

Vedantic Theme: Nāma-rūpa continuity within saṁsāra; the Self is distinct from genealogical identity.

Application: Use lineage/teacher-line remembrance to cultivate gratitude, responsibility, and ethical continuity in family/community.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: kingdom/region

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.138 (genealogical section continuing the Videha line)

Characters & Entities

• Haryaśva
• Maru
• Pratīndhaka
• Kṛtiratha
• Devamīḍha

FAQs

What is the importance of genealogies in the Garuda Purana?

This verse preserves the succession of righteous rulers, anchoring Purāṇic history and illustrating continuity of dharma through dynastic transmission.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

It does not directly discuss the soul’s post-death journey; instead, it functions as a lineage record within the narrative framework where Vishnu instructs Garuda.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use it as a reminder to document family lineage and uphold inherited responsibilities—ethical conduct and duty (dharma) are carried forward across generations.