Shloka 5

Śravaṇa-Dvādaśī Vrata (Vijayā/Mahātī Dvādaśī): Vāmana-Kumbha Worship, Restraints, and Jāgaraṇa

Devanagari script

मासी भाद्रपदे शुक्ला द्वादशी श्रवणान्विता / महती द्वादशी ज्ञेया उपवासे महाफला

Transliteration

māsī bhādrapade śuklā dvādaśī śravaṇānvitā / mahatī dvādaśī jñeyā upavāse mahāphalā

Translation

بھاد्रپد کے مہینے کے شُکل پکش میں جب دَوادشی شروَن نکشتر سے یُکت ہو تو وہ ‘مہتی دَوادشی’ کہلاتی ہے؛ اس دن کا اُپواس بڑا پھل دینے والا ہے۔

Word by Word

• मासि: in the month
• मासि: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• भाद्रपदे: in Bhādrapada
• भाद्रपदे: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भाद्रपद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• शुक्ला: bright (fortnight)
• शुक्ला: Visheshana (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुक्ल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (द्वादशी-विशेषण)

• द्वादशी: the Dvādaśī (12th lunar day)
• द्वादशी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वादशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (कर्ता/विषय), एकवचन

• श्रवणान्विता: accompanied by Śravaṇa (nakṣatra)
• श्रवणान्विता: Visheshana (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्रवण (प्रातिपदिक) + अन्वित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तृतीया-तत्पुरुषः (श्रवणेन अन्विता = accompanied by Śravaṇa nakṣatra)

• महतī: great
• महतī: Visheshana (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (द्वादशी-विशेषण)

• द्वादशी: Dvādaśī
• द्वादशी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वादशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• ज्ञेया: is to be known (as)
• ज्ञेया: Kriya (Predicative/विधेय)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ज्ञा (धातु) → ज्ञेय (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कृदन्तः—तव्यत्/अनीयर्-अर्थे (gerundive/passive periphrastic), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘ज्ञेया’ = ज्ञातव्या (to be known/should be known)

• उपवासे: in fasting/when fasting
• उपवासे: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपवास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• महाफला: highly fruitful
• महाफला: Visheshana (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + फल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (महच्च तत् फलम्)

Speaker

Lord Viṣṇu (in discourse to Garuḍa / Vinatā-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Kāla-viśeṣa (sacred time) intensifies vrata-phala; fasting offered to Viṣṇu yields great merit.

Vedantic Theme: Īśvara-arpita karma: sanctifying action by timing, intention, and devotion.

Application: When Śukla-Dvādaśī in Bhādrapada coincides with Śravaṇa, observe upavāsa with Viṣṇu-pūjā for enhanced spiritual benefit.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: ritual time-marker

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.136.5-8 (Mahātī Dvādaśī and worship procedure)

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Bhādrapada
• Dvādaśī
• Śravaṇa (nakṣatra)

FAQs

What is the importance of Mahātī Dvādaśī in the Garuḍa Purāṇa?

This verse defines Mahātī Dvādaśī as the Bhādrapada śukla Dvādaśī joined with Śravaṇa nakṣatra and states that fasting on it gives exceptionally great spiritual merit (mahā-phala).

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Indirectly: it emphasizes dhārmic observance (upavāsa on an auspicious tithi–nakṣatra combination) as a means to accumulate puṇya, which the Garuḍa Purāṇa repeatedly presents as supportive for favorable post-death outcomes.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Observe a disciplined fast (as per one’s capacity and tradition) when Bhādrapada śukla Dvādaśī coincides with Śravaṇa, using the day for prayer, restraint, and Viṣṇu-bhakti, understanding it as a high-merit observance.