Shloka 5

Ekādaśī-Vrata Nirṇaya: Avoiding Daśamī-Viddha and Establishing Trimīśrā

Devanagari script

एकादशी द्वादशी च विशेषेण त्रयोदशी / त्रिमिश्रा सा तिथिर्ग्राह्या सर्वपापहरा शुभा

Transliteration

ekādaśī dvādaśī ca viśeṣeṇa trayodaśī / trimiśrā sā tithirgrāhyā sarvapāpaharā śubhā

Translation

ایکادشی، دوادشی اور بالخصوص تریودشی—ان تینوں کے اجتماع سے جو ‘تریمِشرا’ تِتھی بنتی ہے، اسے اختیار کرنا چاہیے؛ وہ مبارک ہے اور تمام گناہوں کو دور کرنے والی ہے۔

Word by Word

• एकादशी: Ekādaśī
• एकादशी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एकादशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• द्वादशी: Dvādaśī
• द्वादशी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वादशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (समुच्चय/संयोग) — ‘and’

• विशेषेण: especially
• विशेषेण: Sambandha (Manner/प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विशेष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोगः; तृतीया-एकवचनरूपेण क्रियाविशेषणम् (adverbial instrumental) — ‘especially’

• त्रयोदशी: Trayodaśī
• त्रयोदशी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रयोदशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• त्रि-मिश्रा: threefold-mixed (with three tithis)
• त्रि-मिश्रा: Visheshana (Adjectival modifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि (प्रातिपदिक) + मिश्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः—‘त्रयाणां (तिथीनां) मिश्रिता’

• सा: that
• सा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• तिथिः: lunar day (tithi)
• तिथिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तिथि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• ग्राह्या: should be accepted/observed
• ग्राह्या: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ग्रह् (धातु) + यत् (कृदन्त/भाव्य)
• Form: भाव्य कृदन्त (यत्-प्रत्यय), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• सर्व-पाप-हरा: remover of all sins
• सर्व-पाप-हरा: Visheshana (Adjectival modifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + पाप (प्रातिपदिक) + हर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; समासः—सर्वेषां पापानां हरा (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

• शुभा: auspicious
• शुभा: Visheshana (Adjectival modifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Properly accepted Trimiśrā tithi (11-12-13) is śubha and removes sins; ritual correctness amplifies punya and purificatory power.

Vedantic Theme: Pāpa-kṣaya and antaḥkaraṇa-śuddhi as preparation for bhakti/jñāna; karma becomes a purifier when aligned with dharma.

Application: When the three tithis combine per nirṇaya, adopt the Trimiśrā observance with restraint and proper pāraṇa; use it as a periodic purification practice.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: tithi triad (Ekādaśī–Dvādaśī–Trayodaśī)

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.125.4 (pāraṇa on Trayodaśī); Garuda Purana 1.125.6 (Trimiśrā allowed; avoid Daśamī conjunction)

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of the trimiśrā tithi in the Garuda Purana?

This verse states that when Ekadashi, Dwadashi, and particularly Trayodashi are taken together as a threefold observance, that combined timing is considered auspicious and capable of destroying sins.

How does this verse relate to karma and purification in the Garuda Purana?

By emphasizing correct tithi-selection for vrata, the verse links ritual discipline with pāpa-kṣaya (reduction of karmic demerit), a recurring Garuda Purana theme for ethical and spiritual purification.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Observe Ekadashi-related vows with careful attention to tithi (lunar timing), and pair the ritual with sincere self-restraint and ethical conduct for meaningful purification.