Shloka 5

Vyāsāṅga Trayodaśī: Month-by-Month Śiva Worship, Dantadhāvana Observances, and Udyāpana

Devanagari script

चैत्रे यजेत्सु रूपाय कर्पूरं प्राशयेन्निशि / दन्तधावनाटजं नैवेद्यं शष्कुलीं ददेत्

Transliteration

caitre yajetsu rūpāya karpūraṃ prāśayenniśi / dantadhāvanāṭajaṃ naivedyaṃ śaṣkulīṃ dadet

Translation

ماہِ چَیتر میں سُروپ والے دیوتا کی یَجنا کرے؛ رات میں کافور نوش کرے؛ اور دنت دھاون کی ٹہنی کو نَیویدیہ میں رکھ کر ششکُلی ارپن کرے۔

Word by Word

• चैत्रे: in (the month of) Caitra
• चैत्रे: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चैत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; कालवाचक-सप्तमी

• यजेत्: should worship/sacrifice
• यजेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: यज् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative/विधिलिङ्), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

• सु: well/very
• सु: Sambandha (Modifier particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सु (अव्यय)
• Form: उपसर्ग/निपात (intensifier: well/very)

• रूपाय: to Rūpa (the deity)
• रूपाय: Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/चतुर्थी), एकवचन; सम्प्रदान-कारक (to the one named Rūpa)

• कर्पूरम्: camphor
• कर्पूरम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्पूर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; कर्म-कारक (object)

• प्राशयेत्: should cause (him) to eat / should offer to eat
• प्राशयेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + अश् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; णिच्-प्रयोग (causative: cause to eat)

• निशि: at night
• निशि: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निशा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; कालवाचक-सप्तमी

• दन्तधावनाटजम्: a tooth-cleaning twig (āṭaja type)
• दन्तधावनाटजम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दन्तधावन + आटज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; कर्म-कारक (object/item)

• नैवेद्यम्: food offering
• नैवेद्यम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नैवेद्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; कर्म-कारक

• शष्कुलीम्: śaṣkulī (fried cake)
• शष्कुलीम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शष्कुली (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; कर्म-कारक (object)

• ददेत्: should give/offer
• ददेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Viṣṇu (in instruction to Garuḍa/Vinātā-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Contemplation of the deity’s beautiful form supported by sensory-pure offerings (camphor fragrance, simple naivedya).

Vedantic Theme: Rūpa-upāsanā as a support for ekāgratā; transforming sense experience into devotion.

Application: In Caitra, worship as Su-rūpa; partake of camphor at night as prescribed; offer dantadhāvana twig and śaṣkulī as naivedya.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: temple/household shrine

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.117 (Caitra month observance within the sequence)

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Caitra

FAQs

What is the importance of Caitra worship in the Garuda Purana?

This verse prescribes Caitra-specific worship of Viṣṇu as Su-rūpa with particular offerings, indicating that monthly observances are tailored with distinct naivedya for devotional discipline.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Indirectly: it emphasizes dharmic ritual discipline (ācāra) and devotion to Viṣṇu, which the Garuḍa Purāṇa presents as supportive of spiritual merit and auspicious outcomes.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Observe a simple Caitra devotional practice: offer a clean, sattvic naivedya to Viṣṇu, maintain personal purity (dantadhavana), and keep the observance consistent with one’s capacity.