Shloka 108
Vaṃśānuvārṇana and the Transition to the Fourth (Upasaṃhāra) Pada
Devanagari script
बृहदाद्यानि सामानि कनिष्ठान्सप्त तान्विदुः / सप्त लोकाः पवित्रास्ते भ्राजिताः सप्तसिंधवः
Transliteration
bṛhadādyāni sāmāni kaniṣṭhānsapta tānviduḥ / sapta lokāḥ pavitrāste bhrājitāḥ saptasiṃdhavaḥ
Translation
بِرہَد وغیرہ ساموں میں کم تر سات مانے گئے ہیں۔ وہ سات لوک پاکیزہ ہیں اور روشن سات سندھو (دریا) بھی ہیں۔
Word by Word
bṛhat-ādyānibeginning with the great (ones)
bṛhat-ādyāni:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbṛhat + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); tatpuruṣa: bṛhat as qualifier of ādi
sāmāniSāmans (Sāma hymns/chant-melodies)
sāmāni:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsāman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
kaniṣṭhānthe youngest/least (ones)
kaniṣṭhān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootkaniṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
saptaseven
sapta:
Saṅkhyā-viśeṣaṇa (संख्या-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsapta (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक)
FormNumeral adjective; Masculine Accusative Plural agreeing with kaniṣṭhān
tānthose
tān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural; pronoun
viduḥthey know / they regard
viduḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvid (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन); parasmaipada
saptaseven
sapta:
Saṅkhyā-viśeṣaṇa (संख्या-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsapta (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक)
FormNumeral adjective; Masculine Nominative Plural agreeing with lokāḥ
lokāḥworlds
lokāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootloka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
pavitrāḥpure, sanctifying
pavitrāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpavitra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; agreeing with lokāḥ
tethey/those
te:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; pronoun
bhrājitāḥshining, illumined
bhrājitāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhrāj (धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त/कृत), Masculine Nominative Plural; agreeing with lokāḥ/te
sapta-siṃdhavaḥthe seven rivers
sapta-siṃdhavaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsapta + sindhu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; dvigu compound ‘seven rivers’